维持抑或驳回:论合法适当行政行为的复议决定种类  

Maintain or Reject:a Study of the Types of Administrative Review Decisions for Legitimate and Appropriate Administrative Actions

作　　者：李月 LI Yue(Law School of China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《行政法学研究》2023年第4期168-176,共9页ADMINISTRATIVE LAW REVIEW

基　　金：2021年中国政法大学青年教师学术创新团队支持计划“行政法典立法研究”(项目编号:21CXTD07);2021年国家社科基金重大项目“民法在建设职责明确、依法行政的政府治理体系中的作用研究”(项目编号:21ZDA050)。

摘　　要：《中华人民共和国行政复议法(修订草案)》对合法适当行政行为的复议决定种类进行了区分处理,引发学界对维持决定和驳回复议请求决定的广泛关注。“化解行政争议的主渠道”目标导向下,复议机关更加注重对申请人复议请求的积极回应和对行政法律关系的实质性处理。但是,维持决定违背行政行为效力理论和诉判一致理论,使得行政机关自我纠错陷入两难境地。从深层次的制度建构来看,维持决定不能契合行政复议的行政司法属性和多元功能,难以回应“主渠道”的目标要求,应当取消。驳回复议请求决定是维持决定取消后理想的替代性决定。为做好维持决定取消后的制度衔接,应当清晰区分驳回复议请求决定和驳回复议申请决定,并明确驳回复议请求决定的适用条件等具体规则。The Draft Revision of the Administrative Reconsideration Law of the People's Republic of China distinguishes the treatment of the types of reconsideration decisions on lawful and appropriate administrative acts,which has triggered widespread concern in the academic community about the decision to uphold and the decision to reject the reconsideration request.Under the goal of main channel,the review authority pays more attention to the positive response to the applicant's request for reconsideration and the substantive treatment of administrative legal relations.However,the maintenance decision puts the administration in a dilemma of self-correction,contrary to the theory of the validity of administrative acts and the theory of unanimity of litigation,and it is difficult to manifest the goal of main channel.From the perspective of deep system construction,the maintenance decision cannot fit the administrative judicial attribute of administrative reconsideration,and it is difficult to effectively play the multi-function and cannot promote the goal of main channel,so it should be abolished.The decision to reject the request for reconsideration is an ideal alternative decision after the maintenance decision is cancelled.In order to make a good connection with the system after the cancellation of maintenance decision,a clear distinction should be made between the decision to reject the request for reconsideration and the decision to reject the application for reconsideration,and specific rules such as the conditions of application should be clarified.

关 键 词：维持决定 主渠道 驳回复议请求 实质性化解争议 

分 类 号：D925.3[政治法律—诉讼法学] D922.1[政治法律—法学]