广东省心血管专业护士压力知觉及应对方式现况分析  

Cross-sectional study on stress perception and coping style of cardiovascular nurses in Guangdong Province

作　　者：黄晶[1] 伍玉琴 陈凌 崔虹 申铁梅 潘晓彤 HUANG Jing;WU Yu-qin;CHEN Ling;CUI Hong;SHEN Tie-mei;PAN Xiao-tong(Day Operating Room,Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University(Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences),Guangzhou Guangdong,510080,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学附属广东省人民医院(广东省医学科学院)日间手术中心,广东广州510080

出　　处：《职业与健康》2023年第12期1649-1653,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金(A2021314);中华护理学会科研课题基金(ZHKY201807)。

摘　　要：目的 了解广东省心血管专业护士的压力知觉及应对方式现状,为制定调节压力与应对方式的管理方案提供借鉴。方法 2021年4—5月对广东省21家综合医院346名心血管专业护士进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 346名心血管专业护士压力知觉得分为(41.15±5.57)分,处于较高水平,一般人口学资料对压力知觉(失控感、紧张感及压力知觉总分)及压力应对得分均无影响(均P>0.05);压力应对各分量表得分中解决问题,求助分数较低,得分[M(P25,P75)]分别为0.83(0.75,0.91)、0.70(0.60,0.90)分;退避、合理化、幻想、自责的分数较高,分别为0.50(0.30,0.60)、0.50(0.40,0.60)、0.40(0.20,0.60)和0.20(0.1,0.4)分;紧张感与解决方式、求助成熟型应对方式呈负相关关系,与退避、幻想、自责等的应对方式呈正相关关系(均P<0.01);失控感与退避、合理化、幻想、自责等应对方式呈负相关关系,与解决方式、求助等成熟型应对方式呈正相关(均P<0.01)关系。整体而言压力知觉与成熟型应对方式呈正相关(P<0.05),与不成熟型应对方式呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论 广东省21家综合医院346名心血管专业护士压力知觉水平位于处于健康危险性压力,压力感知高于其他专业,其总体采取的应对方式是相对不成熟的应对方式。压力应对方式为成熟型的心血管护理人员,压力越大,应对方式越成熟;压力应对方式为不成熟型的心血管护理人员,压力越大,应对方式越不成熟,相关管理人员应该引起重视,采取适当的措施缓解压力,给予适当的培训让心血管专科护士正确面对压力,并探寻培养成熟压力应对方式的方法。Objective To investigate the current situation of stress perception and coping style of cardiovascular nurses in Guangdong Province,provide reference for formulating management plans to regulate stress and coping style.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 346 cardiovascular nurses from 21 general hospitals in Guangdong Province from April to May 2021,and the data were analyzed.Results The stress perception score of 346 cardiovascular nurses was(41.15±5.57)points,which was at a high level.The general demographic data had no efect on stress perception(loss of control,tension and total score of stress perception)and stress coping score(all P>0.05).Among the subscale of stress coping,the scores for problem solving and help seeking were low,with M(P2s,Prs)of 0.83(0.75,0.91)and 0.70(0.60,0.90)points respectively,while the scores of retreat,rationalization,fantasy and self-blame were high,which were 0.50(0.30,0.60),0.50(0.40,0.60),0.40(0.20,0.60)and 0.20(0.1,0.4)points,respectively.The tension was negatively correlated with solutions and help-seeking mature coping style,while positively correlated with coping styles of withdrawal,fantasy and self-blame(all P<0.01).The sense of loss of control was negatively correlated with coping styles such as retreat,rationalization,fantasy and self-blame,while positively correlated with mature coping styles such as solution and help-seeking(all P<0.01).Overall,the perceived stress was positively correlated with mature coping style(P<0.05),and negatively corelated with immature coping style(P<0.05).Conclusions The stress perception level of 346 cardiovascular nurses from 21 general hospitals in Guangdong Province is in the health risk pressure,and the stress perception is higher than that of nurses in other majors,and their overall coping style adopted is relatively immature.In cardiovascular nurses with mature coping style,the greater the pressure,the more mature the coping style.In cardiovascular nurses with immature coping style,the greater the pressure,the less matu

关 键 词：心血管 护士 压力知觉 应对方式 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]