反腐败境外追赃法律机制的实践困境与规范因应  

The Practical Dilemma and Normative Response of the Legal Mechanism for Anti-corruption Overseas Recovery

作　　者：商浩文[1] Shang Haowen(Law School,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学法学院,北京100875

出　　处：《政法论丛》2023年第4期139-147,共9页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：2020年度司法部法治建设与法学理论研究部级科研项目“反腐败境外追赃常态化法律机制研究”(项目编号:20SFB3010)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：反腐败境外追赃法律机制应具备实效性和长效性,立足于解决境外追赃实践难题,着眼于长效法律机制的建立。但是,从境外追赃执法和司法实践来看,资产跨境转移监测法律的实效性不足,境外承认与执行违法所得没收裁判的实践效果不佳,跨境资产返还中资产分享激励作用不明显。腐败资产跨境转移资追踪难、识别难,我国国内法律制度和域外法治缺乏协调性以及资产流入国法律制度差异等是实践困境产生的重要因素。有必要强化资产跨境转移监测法律的适用力度,拓展境外承认与执行违法所得没收裁决的规范依据,建立健全境外追赃资产分享机制,以提升境外追赃法律机制的实践效果。The legal mechanism for anti-corruption overseas recovery of stolen goods should have effectiveness,based on solving practical difficulties in overseas recovery,and focus on establishing a long-term legal mechanism.However,from the perspective of overseas law enforcement and judicial practice,the effectiveness of the legal system for monitoring the cross-border transfer of corrupt assets is insufficient.The practice of recognizing and enforcing the illegal income confiscation rulings is not effective,and the incentive effect of asset sharing in cross-border asset returns is not obvious.The difficulties in tracking and identifying cross-border transfers of corrupt assets,the lack of coordination between China's domestic legal system and the rule of law outside the region,and the differences in the legal systems of countries where assets flow are important factors contributing to the practical difficulties.It is necessary to strengthen the application of cross-border asset transfer monitoring laws,expand the normative basis for overseas recognition and enforcement of illegal income confiscation rulings,establish and improve the sharing mechanism for overseas recovered assets,to enhance the practical effectiveness of the overseas recovered assets legal mechanism.

关 键 词：境外追赃 反洗钱 违法所得没收 资产分享 

分 类 号：DF61[政治法律—刑法学]