中国古代“出礼入刑”传统之赓续与创新  

The Continuation and Innovation of the Traditional"Being beyond the Governance of Rites and Subject to Criminal Punishment"of Ancient China

作　　者：何勤华[1] HE Qinhua

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学,上海200042

出　　处：《政治与法律》2023年第8期16-31,共16页Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中华法系与中华法律文化问题研究”(项目编号:20@ZH038)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“出礼入刑”是中国传统法律文化的智慧结晶。随着我国古代礼法关系经历了礼刑并用、礼刑互斥、礼法合一、隆礼重法这四个历史阶段,“出礼入刑”法律传统得以形成、发展并巩固。“出礼入刑”并不是机械地要求礼和法在适用上完全对应,而是强调礼和法是有差异的统一。礼和法可以相互为用,但礼是法的指导与渊源,任何法律制度都要以礼的精神作为支撑,使礼的规范法律化。“出礼入刑”法律传统揭示了礼和法的互动关系,它是中国古代一个长期的社会现象,并对古代治国理政的模式、法律制度的基调、法典编纂的风格以及审判决狱的思维等产生了深刻的影响。在推进中国式现代化的时代背景与重大命题之下,应当传承好中华优秀传统法律文化,积极借鉴“出礼入刑”法律传统中的有益成分,实现礼法关系的现实转化,探索法治与德治并重的社会治理新方式。"Being beyond the Governance of Rites and Subject to Criminal Punishment"represents the wisdom of traditional Chinese legal culture.With the development of the relationship between rites and law in traditional China going through four historical stages of combined adoption of rites and criminal punishment,exclusivity between rites and criminal punishment,integration of rites and law,and the respect of rites and emphasis on law,the legal tradition of"Being beyond the Governance of Rites and Subject to Criminal Punishment"came into being,has been developed and consolidated.The concept of"Being beyond the Governance of Rites and Subject to Criminal Punishment"does not mechanically require the complete equality in their application,but emphasizes that rites and law are unified with difference.Rites and law can be complementary to each other,but the former guides the latter and serves as the source of the latter,and any legal system should take the spirits of rites as its support to make rules in rites as the law.The legal tradition of"Being beyond the Governance of Rites and Subject to Criminal Punishment"reveals the interactional relationship between rites and law,and as a long-term social phenomenon in ancient China,had a profound impact on the mode of governance,tone of the legal system,style of codification,and the mindset of adjudication in ancient times.Against the times background and the major topic of promoting Chinese modernization,it is imperative to keep the excellent traditional Chinese legal culture,and proactively draw on the reasonable part of the legal tradition of"Being beyond the Governance of Rites and Subject to Criminal Punishment"to realize the practical transformation of the relationship between rites and law and explore new ways of social governance that attach equal importance to the rule of law and the rule of virtue.

关 键 词：出礼入刑 礼法关系 中华法系 法治 德治 

分 类 号：DF09[政治法律—法学理论]