12个地方鸡种肌肉脂肪酸相对含量比较及因子分析  

Comparative analysis and factor analysis of muscle fatty acid composition in 12 local chicken breeds

作　　者：王臣臣 黄英[1] 杨明华[1] 张娜 龙健玲 李志娟 徐宏 赵素梅[1] WANG Chen-chen;HUANG Ying;YANG Ming-hua;ZHANG Na;LONG Jian-ling;LI Zhi-juan;XU Hong;ZHAO Su-mei

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物营养与饲料重点实验室,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省畜牧总站,云南昆明650225 [3]云南财经大学经济学院,云南昆明650221

出　　处：《饲料研究》2023年第14期84-89,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：云南省科技重点项目(项目编号:202202AE090032);州校合作项目(项目编号:K2420200047、2021533416000035);国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:31760645、31260592、31060331)。

摘　　要：试验旨在对12个地方鸡种肌肉脂肪酸相对含量比较及因子分析。文章基于前人研究结果对12个地方鸡种(白耳鸡、狼山鸡、萧山鸡、北京油鸡、乌骨鸡、余干黑鸡、崇仁麻鸡、三黄鸡、康乐鸡、藏鸡、武定鸡、大围山鸡)的营养成及肌肉脂肪酸含量进行分析。结果显示,三黄鸡的系水力、剪切力、pH值均优于萧山鸡、白耳鸡、北京油鸡。藏鸡肉的粗脂肪含量明显高于其他11个鸡种。三黄鸡、白耳鸡及藏鸡氨基酸营养价值较高。乌骨鸡的饱和脂肪酸相对含量最高(44.96%),藏鸡的饱和脂肪酸相对含量最低(31.67%)。藏鸡的不饱和脂肪酸相对含量最高(68.22%),狼山鸡和乌骨鸡不饱和脂肪酸相对含量最低(54.34%、54.43%)。主成分分析获得的前6个主成分可以解释全部变异的69.153%,第1、2、3主成分分别解释总变异的27.352%、25.371%、16.431%。基于主成分值的系统聚类图将12个地方鸡种归为4大类,余干黑鸡、三黄鸡、康乐鸡、崇仁麻鸡聚为一类,北京油鸡、藏鸡、武定鸡聚为一类,萧山鸡、大围山鸡、狼山鸡、乌骨鸡聚为一类,白耳鸡为独立分支。研究表明,藏鸡、余干黑鸡、三黄鸡不饱和脂肪酸相对含量明显高于饱和脂肪酸,更符合人体膳食所需。The experiment was to comparative analysis of muscle fatty acid composition in 12 local chicken breeds.Based on the results of previous studies,the nutritional composition and muscle fatty acid content of 12 chicken breeds(Whiteeared chicken,Langshan chicken,Xiaoshan chicken,Beijing-You chicken,Silky chicken,Yugan black chicken,Chongren Ma chicken,Sanhuang chicken,Kangle chicken,Tibetan chicken,Wuding chicken and Dawei Mountain chicken)were analyzed.The results showed that the system hydraulic force,shear force and pH value of Sanhuang chickens were better than Xiaoshan chickens,White-eared chickens and Beijing-You chickens.The crude fat content of Tibetan chicken was significantly higher than that of the other 1l chicken breeds.The amino acid nutritional value of Sanhuang chicken,Whiteeared chicken and Tibetan chicken was higher.Silky chicken had the highest relative content of saturated fatty acids(44.96%)and Tibetan chicken had the lowest saturated fatty acid content(31.67%).Tibetan chicken had the highest unsaturated fatty acid(68.22%)and unsaturated fatty acids of Langshan chicken and Silky chicken were the lowest(54.34%and 54.43%).The first six principal components obtained by principal component analysis could explain 69.153%of total variance,of which the first,second and third principal components explained 27.352%,25.371%and 16.431%of total variance,respectively.The phylogenetic clustering diagram based on principal component values classified 12 local chicken breeds in China into four categories,Yugan black chicken,Sanhuang chicken,Kangle chicken and Chongren Ma chicken were in one category.Beijing-You chicken,Tibetan chicken and Wuding chicken were in one category.Xiaoshan chickens,Dawei Mountain chickens,Langshan chickens and Silky chickens were in one category.White-eared chickens formed independent branches.The study indicates that unsaturated fatty acids of Tibetan chicken,Yugan black chicken and Sanhuang chicken are significantly higher than saturated fatty acids and their composition was more in

关 键 词：地方鸡种 脂肪酸 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]