聚苯乙烯纳米塑料对凤眼莲生长性状的干扰效应研究  

Study on the interference effect of polystyrene nanoplastics on the growth traits of Eichhornia crassipes

作　　者：贾华伟 邵军荣 于洪伟 朱宗强[1] 胡承志 JIA Huawei;SHAO Junrong;YU Hongwei;ZHU Zongqiang;HU Chengzhi(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Changjiang Survey,Planning,Design and Research Co.,Ltd,Wuhan 430010)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室,桂林541004 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司,武汉430010

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2023年第7期373-382,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(No.51820105011);长江生态环境保护修复联合研究第二期项目(No.2022-LHYJ-02-0303)。

摘　　要：为探究纳米塑料对漂浮植物的生态毒理效应,研究了粒径为100 nm的聚苯乙烯纳米塑料(Polystyrene nanoplastics,PS-NPs)对凤眼莲(Eichhornia crassipes)的形态特征、化学计量特征、光合和抗氧化系统的影响.结果表明,经过28 d不同浓度PS-NPs暴露后,凤眼莲叶生物量下降了42.28%~49.59%.而凤眼莲不同功能器官的元素比例呈现差异性变化,如随着PS-NPs浓度的增加,植株根部碳和氮含量呈现下降趋势,茎部硫含量降低24.65%~31.56%.聚苯乙烯纳米塑料对凤眼莲叶片PS Ⅱ最大光化学量子产量未产生显著影响,而10 mg∙L^(-1) PS-NPs暴露使叶片非光化学淬灭系数增加了10.64%.凤眼莲叶片中过氧化氢含量随PS-NPs暴露浓度的增加而显著升高,植株根系中抗坏血酸过氧化物酶的浓度在10 mg∙L^(-1) PS-NPs暴露组中显著增加,说明PS-NPs激活了凤眼莲不同功能器官的抗氧化防御系统.因此,100 nm的聚苯乙烯塑料颗粒会对凤眼莲不同器官的功能产生干扰作用,进而影响植株体的生长发育.In order to understand the ecotoxicological effects of nanoplastics on floating plants,the effects of polystyrene nanoplastics(PS-NPs)with a particle size of 100 nm on the morphological characteristics,stoichiometric characteristics,photosynthetic and antioxidant systems of Eichhornia crassipes were studied.The results showed that the biomass of E.crassipes leaf was reduced by 42.28%~49.59%,respectively after 28 days of exposure to different concentrations of PS-NPs.For example,with the increase of PS-NPs concentration,the carbon and nitrogen contents of plant roots showed a downward trend,and the sulfur content of petioles decreased by 24.65%~31.56%,respectively.The maximum photochemical quantum yield of PSⅡwas not significantly affected by PS-NPs,while the non-photochemical quenching coefficient of leaves was increased by 10.64%by 10 mg∙L^(-1) PS-NPS exposure.With the increase of PS-NPs exposure concentration,the content of hydrogen peroxide in the leaves of E.crassipes significantly increased,while the concentration of ascorbate peroxidase in the roots of plants increased significantly in the 10 mg∙L^(-1) PS-NPs exposure group.These results indicated that PS-NPs activated the antioxidant defense system in different functional organs of E.crassipes.Therefore,100nm polystyrene plastic particles will interfere with the function of different organs of E.crassipes,and then affect the growth and development of the plant.

关 键 词：凤眼莲 纳米塑料 化学计量 元素分配 毒理效应 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]