太原市孕妇膳食锌摄入对新生儿出生结局的影响  

Effect of dietary zinc intake during pregnancy on neonatal birth outcome in Taiyuan

作　　者：林梦文 白文琳 王庆文 李志红[2] 郭彩霞[2] 王莉 LIN Mengwen;BAI Wenlin;WANG Qingwen;LI Zhihong;GUO Caixia;WANG Li(Department of Child and Adolescent Health,School of Public Health,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生学教研室,山西太原030001 [2]太原市太航医院妇产科

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2023年第6期520-525,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：山西省应用基础研究计划项目(201901D211335);山西省基础研究计划项目(202103021224247)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨孕期膳食锌摄入水平及各类含锌食物摄入量对新生儿出生结局的影响。方法 采用方便抽样的方法,在2018年8月—2020年1月,选取太原市某医院335对母婴纳入研究。调查孕妇的一般情况,采用食物频率表进行膳食锌摄入量及食物来源调查,记录新生儿出生体质量、胎龄。采用广义线性回归分析膳食锌摄入水平和各类富锌食物锌摄入量对胎龄、出生体质量的影响。结果 孕早期组和孕中期组孕妇膳食锌摄入不足检出率均高于孕晚期组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。来源于水果类(Z=6.231,P=0.044)、蛋类(Z=26.325, P<0.01)、水产品(Z=7.423, P=0.024)、禽肉类(Z=15.105, P<0.01)、大豆及坚果类(Z=17.913,P<0.01)、奶类及其制品(Z=11.708,P=0.003)的每日锌摄入量在不同孕期组之间差异有统计学意义。调整孕妇一般情况及新生儿性别等因素后,孕中期膳食锌摄入水平不足与新生儿胎龄增加成正相关(β=3.23,95%CI:0.84~5.62)。孕中期组来源于蔬菜类膳食的锌摄入量与胎龄呈负相关(β=-3.44,95%CI:-6.37~-0.52),来源于水产品的膳食锌摄入与出生体质量成正相关(β=658.14,95%CI:185.58~1 130.70)。结论 不同来源的膳食锌与出生结局的关系存在差异,但各孕期优质膳食锌来源均较少。孕期应注意均衡饮食,增加优质膳食锌来源,以促进胎儿健康发育。Objective To investigate the impact of dietary zinc intake level and the intake of various zincrich foods during pregnancy on neonatal birth outcomes.Methods Using convenient sampling method,335 mother-infant pairs were recruited in the period from August 2018 to January 2020 from one hospital.This study collected information about the demographic characteristics of the pregnant women,and used food frequency questionnaire to investigate dietary zinc intake and food sources.For the newborns,the birth weight and gestational age were recorded.The effects of dietary zinc intake level and zinc-rich foods intake on gestational age and birth weight were analyzed using generalized linear regression.Results The proportions of insufficient dietary zinc intake in the women at the first and second trimesters were statistically significantly higher than that in the women at the third trimester(P<0.01).There were statistically significant differences in daily zinc intake from fruits(Z=6.231,P=0.044),eggs(Z=26.325,P<0.01),aquatic products(Z=7.423,P=0.024),livestock meat(Z=15.105,P<0.01),soybeans and nuts(Z=17.913,P<0.01),milk and dairy products(Z=11.708,P=0.003)across the groups at different stages of pregnancy.After adjusting for the general characteristics of the pregnant women,sex of the newborns and other factors,gestational age was positively correlated with insufficient dietary zinc intake in the second trimester group(β=3.23,95%CI:0.84-5.62).In the second trimester group,dietary zinc intake from vegetables was negatively correlated with gestational age(β=−3.44,95%CI:−6.37-−0.52),whilst the dietary zinc intake from aquatic product was positively correlated with birth weight(β=658.14,95%CI:185.58-1130.70).Conclusions The relationship between dietary zinc intake and the birth outcome may vary across different sources of dietary zinc,but there is a constant lack of high-quality dietary zinc sources in all the trimesters during pregnancy.A balanced diet with more high-quality zinc-rich foods in pregnancy is necessar

关 键 词：锌元素 出生体质量 胎龄 膳食 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]