阔叶红松林中花鼠的食物组成及取食偏好  

Food Composition and Feeding Preference of Chipmunks in a Broadleaved Red Pine Forest

作　　者：魏爽 梁振玲 滕威 荆媛 于美辰 戎可[1,3] WEI Shuang;LIANG Zhenling;TENG Wei;JING Yuan;YU Meichen;RONG Ke(College of Wildlife and Protected Area,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,150040,China;Haidong Huzhu County Agriculture Rural and Science Technology Bureau,Haidong,810600,China;Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Harbin,150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物与自然保护地学院,哈尔滨150040 [2]海东市互助县农业农村和科技局,海东810600 [3]国家林业和草原局野生动物保护生物学重点实验室,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2023年第3期506-514,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31970385)。

摘　　要：为调查阔叶红松(Pinus koraiensis)林中花鼠(Tamias sibiricus)的食物组成、取食偏好及营养对食物选择的影响,以黑龙江省凉水国家级自然保护区内野生花鼠为研究对象,采用野外直接观察法、实验室笼养法结合营养测定的方式对不同季节花鼠的食物组成和取食偏好进行调查。野外调查结果表明:花鼠是以植食为主的啮齿动物,不同季节植物性食物占其食物组成的95%以上,其余5%的食物为蜗牛、蚯蚓等动物性食物;春、夏季花鼠取食植物的种类存在差异,春季花鼠取食频次最高的是延胡索(Corydalis yanhusuo),夏季为透茎冷水花(Pilea pumila),秋季为红松种子。实验室笼养测得的结果与野外调查结果相符,结合营养测定结果显示花鼠偏好取食粗脂肪、能量含量高和纤维素含量低的食物,而粗蛋白含量与花鼠的取食量之间没有明显相关。To investigate the food composition,feeding preference and the influence of nutrition on food selection of chip⁃munks(Tamias sibiricus)in a broad-leaved Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis)forest,wild chipmunks in Liangshui National Nature Reserve of Heilongjiang Province were selected as the research object.Direct field observation,cage rearing in laboratory combined with nutritional measurement were used to investigate the food composition and feeding preference of chipmunks across different seasons.The results of the field investigation showed that the chipmunks were mainly planteating rodents,and plant based foods accounted for more than 95%of their food composition across different seasons,while the other 5%were animal based foods such as snails and earthworms.The species of feeding plants were different in spring and summer.The plant species with the highest feeding frequency was Corydalis yanhusuo in spring,Pilea pumila in summer,and Pinus koraiensis seeds in autumn.The results of cage rearing in laboratory were consistent with those of field investigation.The results of nutritional measurement showed that chipmunks preferred to eat foods with high crude fat,high energy content and low cellulose content,while there was no significant correlation between crude protein content and chip⁃munks’intake.

关 键 词：花鼠 食性 营养 阔叶红松林 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]