环境热应激对畜禽养殖及肉质影响的研究进展  

Progress in Research on the Effects of Environmental Heat Stress on Livestock and Poultry Farming and Meat Quality

作　　者：王玥 白秀玉 李强 曹洪防 杜鹏飞 柳尧波[1] 马艳丽 胡鹏[1] 李腾飞 潘林香 王维婷[1] WANG Yue;BAI Xiuyu;LI Qiang;CAO Hongfang;DU Pengfei;LIU Yaobo;MA Yanli;HU Peng;LI Tengfei;PAN Linxiang;WANG Weiting(Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province,Institute of Food&Nutrition Science and Technology,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ji’nan 250100,China;School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China;Ji’nan Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Station,Ji’nan 250306,China;Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Ji’nan,Ji’nan 250099,China;Shandong Yingtai Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co.Ltd.,Ji’nan 271100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院农产品与营养加工研究所,山东省农产品精深加工技术重点实验室,农业农村部新食品资源加工重点实验室,山东济南250100 [2]河北工程大学生命科学与食品工程学院,河北邯郸056038 [3]济南市畜牧技术推广站,山东济南250306 [4]济南市农业农村局,山东济南250099 [5]山东嬴泰农牧科技有限公司,山东济南271100

出　　处：《肉类研究》2023年第7期71-78,共8页Meat Research

基　　金：山东省重大创新工程项目(2021CXGC010809);国家肉羊产业技术体系屠宰与分级分割岗位建设专项经费(CARS-38);山东省羊产业技术体系产后处理及加工岗位建设专项经费(SDAIT-10-10);山东省中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(YDZX2022135);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2023B06)。

摘　　要：热应激是畜禽养殖加工业的主要环境应激源之一,国内外研究者发现,当环境温湿度超出畜禽耐受范围时,养殖动物会出现精神萎靡、采食量降低等热应激反应,此时体内出现的激素水平改变、血液蛋白水平改变、抗氧化能力降低等一系列生理生化及病理变化,将导致畜禽体质量降低、肉质变差或死亡,造成不可挽回的经济损失。畜牧业是肉类食品的重要来源,是人们饮食结构中的重要蛋白来源途径,热应激带来的肉品质下降在造成经济损失的同时,还会产生食品营养及安全等问题。本文对上述研究进行梳理,从畜禽热应激的定义、畜禽热应激行为反应机制、畜禽热应激生理反应机制、畜禽热应激对肉品质的影响及热应激缓解管理措施等方面进行综述,为畜禽热应激反应的判别及缓解策略提供参考。Heat stress is one of the major environmental stressors in the livestock and poultry farming and processing industry.Researchers from China and abroad have found that when the environmental temperature and humidity exceed the tolerance range of farmed animals,they will suffer from heat stress reactions such as mental depression and reduced food intake.At this time,a series of physiological,biochemical and pathological changes such as changes in hormone levels and blood protein levels,and decreases in antioxidant capacity will occur,which can lead to body mass loss,meat quality deterioration,or death of livestock and poultry,causing irreparable economic losses.Animal farming is an important source of meat products and an important protein source in people’s dietary structure.The decrease in meat quality caused by heat stress not only causes economic losses,but also causes food nutrition and safety issues.This article summarizes the definition of heat stress in livestock and poultry,the behavioral and physiological response mechanism of heat stressed livestock and poultry,the impact of heat stress on meat quality,and the management measures for heat stress relief.It is hoped this article will provide a reference for the identification of and relief strategies for heat stress response in livestock and poultry.

关 键 词：畜禽养殖 热应激 肉质改变 研究进展 

分 类 号：TS251.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]