发酵沙柳对西门塔尔后备母牛瘤胃发酵参数及微生物多样性的影响  

Effects of Fermented Salix Psammophila on Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Microbial Diversity of Simmental Replacement Heifers

作　　者：王超 田丰 李九月 李长青 王利 张海鹰 薛树媛 WANG Chao;TIAN Feng;LI Jiuyue;LI Changqing;WANG Li;ZHANG Haiying;XUE Shuyuan(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《饲料工业》2023年第15期43-48,共6页Feed Industry

基　　金：“科技兴蒙”重点专项[2022EEDSKJXM001];内蒙古自治区科技成果转化项目[2018CGZH2018167]。

摘　　要：为探讨发酵沙柳对西门塔尔后备母牛瘤胃发酵参数及微生物多样性的影响,试验选择18头12月龄、健康的西门塔尔后备母牛,随机分为2组,对照组(CK组)和试验组(SP组)分别饲喂以玉米秸秆黄贮和发酵沙柳为主的全混合日粮65 d,经口采集瘤胃液,测定发酵参数和微生物多样性。结果表明:CK组瘤胃液pH、氨态氮含量低于试验组,但均无显著差异(P>0.05);CK组微生物蛋白(MCP)含量显著高于SP组(P<0.05);两组瘤胃液中总挥发性脂肪酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸含量以及乙酸/丙酸值均无显著差异(P>0.05)。CK组和SP组Chao指数分别为1410和2015,CK组显著低于SP组(P<0.05)。门水平上,CK组厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度极显著低于SP组(P<0.01);属水平上,SP组克里斯滕森菌属(Christensenellaceae_R-7_group)相对丰度显著高于CK组(P<0.05),CK组普雷沃氏菌属(Prevotella_1)相对丰度显著高于SP组(P<0.05)。说明发酵沙柳饲喂西门塔尔后备母牛可降低瘤胃液MCP含量,提高瘤胃微生物种的数量,增加瘤胃微生物的多样性,显著提高厚壁菌门丰度。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of fermented Salix psammophila on rumen fermentation parameters and microbial diversity of Simmental replacement heifers.Eighteen 12-month-old healthy Simmental reserve cows was randomly divided into two groups,the control group(CK)and the experimental group(SP)were fed a total mixed feed made of corn straw silage and fermented Salix psammophila for 65 days.The rumen fluid was collected orally to detect fermentation parameters and microbial diversity.The results showed that:the pH value and NH3-N content of rumen fluid in the CK group was lower than those in the SP group,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).The MCP content in the CK group was significantly higher than that in the SP group(P<0.05).The total VFA,acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid content and acetic acid/propionic acid value of rumen fluid was no significant difference(P>0.05).Chao index of the two groups were 1410 and 2015 respectively,and the abundance in the CK group was significantly lower than that in the SP group(P<0.05).At the phylum level,Firmicutes in the CK group was significantly lower than that in the SP group(P<0.01).At the genus level,the relative abundance of Christensenellaceae_R-7_group in SP group was significantly higher than that in CK group(P<0.05).The relative abundance of Prevotella_1 in the CK group was significantly higher than that in the SP group(P<0.05).The results showed that feeding fermented Salix psammophila to Simmental cows can reduce rumen fluid microbial protein content and increase the number of rumen microbial species,increase the abundance of rumen microbial diversity,and significantly increase the abundance of Firmicute.

关 键 词：发酵沙柳 西门塔尔后备母牛 黄贮 瘤胃发酵参数 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]