“王权至尊”的《旧约》叙事以亨利八世时期政教理论为中心  

Interpretation of Royal Supremacy by the Old Testament Based on the Theory of Church-State Relations in Henry VIII

作　　者：王凯 Wang Kai

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学法学院

出　　处：《中外法学》2023年第4期1062-1079,共18页Peking University Law Journal

摘　　要：都铎时期的“王权至尊”理论作为现代主权学说的渊源之一,其主旨是证成王权具有管辖教会的职能,并基于国王的“完整权力”从而证明英格兰脱离普世基督教帝国的合法性。《旧约》有关政教关系的章节因此成为都铎神学家最重要的理论资源。《丰文汇编》作为《至尊法案》颁布前的理论准备,最为直接地呈现出“王权至尊”的《旧约》色彩。此外,都铎神学家为“王权至尊”辩护所作的“政论小册子”也基本围绕《旧约》展开。《旧约》中的明君皆具有管辖教会和决定教义的权力,不仅契合亨利八世宗教改革的现实需求,也为“王权至尊”提供了源自基督教自身的合法性背书。都铎王朝对于“旧约式王权”的追求可以有效解释英格兰宗教改革的保守性及其君主政体的延续性,并从一个侧面印证了基督教神学对于现代主权学说的理论意义。As one of the significant sources of modern doctrine of sovereignty,the theory of royal supremacy aimed to justify the King's authority over the Church and to legitimize,based on the plenitudo potestatis claimed by the King,England's separation from the universal Christian empire.Accordingly,the passages on Church-State relations from the Old Testament were treated as one of the most important academic resources by Tudor theologians.As a theoretical preparation for the Act of Supremacy,the Collectanea satis copiosa demonstrates a direct connection between the Royal Supremacy and the Old Testament.In addition,some printed“political pamphlet”that were written by Tudor theologians and produced to advocate for the Royal Supremacy also relied primarily on the Old Testament.The Old Testament entitles the wise monarchs to the power of governing the Church as well as deciding and issuing creeds,which not only met the requirement of Henrician Reformation,but also provided the Royal Supremacy with legitimacy from Christian theology.It is sound to argue that the obsession of Tudor Dynasty with the“Old Testament Kingship”revealed the conservatism of the English Reformation and the continuity of the English monarchy.Furthermore,it sheds light on the academic significance of Christian theology for the modern doctrine of sovereignty.

关 键 词：王权至尊 亨利八世宗教改革 旧约 政教关系 

分 类 号：D756.1[政治法律—政治学] D956.1[政治法律—中外政治制度]