幼儿期孤独症谱系障碍儿童发育特征与常见行为问题的相关性研究  

Relationships Between Developmental Characteristics and Behavioral Problems in Early Childhood Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

作　　者：聂晶[1] 邹林利 李婷婷 吴晓玲 李薇[1] 冉域辰[1] Nie Jing;Zou Linli;Li Tingting(Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Hospital,Chengdu,Sichuan 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省妇幼保健院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《四川医学》2023年第6期599-603,共5页Sichuan Medical Journal

基　　金：四川省医学科研青年创新课题计划(编号:Q17066)。

摘　　要：目的探讨幼儿期孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童各能区发展特征、常见行为问题表现及之间的相关性。方法以年龄在24~48月龄间诊断明确的273例ASD患儿为研究对象,采用Gesell发育量表中文修订版(北京儿童保健所)进行儿童各发育能区评估,同时通过询问家长进行问卷评估了解儿童七项常见行为问题特征。结果ASD儿童各年龄组精细运动与适应性及个人—社会两个能区比较差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)、36月龄以上ASD儿童语言与个人—社会比较差异无统计学意义(P<0.05),其余各组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P>0.05);各年龄段ASD儿童的各能区发育水平除大运动(P<0.05)外,其余各能区发育水平均差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);注意问题、固执表现在不同ASD年龄组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余行为问题在各年龄组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);除固执行为与语言能力水平呈负弱相关外(P<0.05),其余各行为问题与ASD儿童各能区发育水平呈无相关、极弱相关或相关无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论幼儿期ASD儿童各能区发展不均衡,幼儿期各年龄段ASD儿童行为问题表现有所差异,ASD儿童行为问题的发生与其各能区发育不具有明显的相关性,不能因为ASD儿童能区发展的差异而忽略其行为问题,关注ASD儿童行为问题可以更好地改善儿童的社会适应能力。Objective To explore developmental characteristics of Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)in children with early childhood Autism spectrum disorder(ASD),common behavioral problems and their correlation.Methods Total 273 children with ASD aged between 24 and 48 months were selected as research subjects.Each developmental area of children was evaluated using Gesell Developmental Scale.At the same time,parents were asked for a questionnaire to assess characteristics of children common behavioral problems.Results There were no significant differences in fine motor and adaptability of ASD children in all age groups,and there were no differences in the individual-social ability areas(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the language and individual-social comparison of ASD children over 36 months(P<0.05),and there were significant differences in the pairwise comparison among other groups(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the development levels of all functional areas in ASD children of all ages except for the major motor(P<0.05).Attention problems and stubbornness were significant different in different age groups of ASD(P<0.05),and there was no statistical difference in the residual behavior problems among all age groups(P>0.05).There was no correlation,very weak correlation or no statistical significance between the other behavioral problems and the development level of ASD children(P>0.05).Conclusion The occurrence of behavioral problems in ASD children is not significantly correlated with the development of various ability areas,so behavior problems of ASD children should not be ignored because of the differences in the development of their ability areas.Paying attention to the behavioral problems of ASD children could be better improve the children social adjustment.

关 键 词：孤独症谱系障碍 发育特征 行为问题 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]