连接资本主义与法国大革命——巴黎散步场所与十八世纪法国公民平等的起源  

Connecting Capitalism to the French Revolution:The Parisian Promenade and the Origins of Civic Equality in Eighteenth-Century France

作　　者：小威廉·H.休厄尔 叶姿倩(译) William H.Sewell Jr.

机构地区：[1]《批判历史研究》杂志 [2]不详

出　　处：《国际社会科学杂志（中文版）》2023年第2期111-137,6,10,11,共30页International Social Science Journal（Chinese Edition）

摘　　要：18世纪的法国社会有着根深蒂固的等级制度。这样的等级制度建立在君主制、贵族制和大量特殊的团体特权之上。或者说,在1789年之前,法国社会便一贯如此,直到这场惊人的革命宣扬了人类和公民的权利,并着手在公民平等的基础上重新建立社会和政治秩序。在这样一个等级森严的社会中,竞能产生如此彻底的平等主义革命,这至今仍是一个历史谜题。This article explores the democratizing effects of early capitalist development on cultural assumptions in eighteenth-century France.It argues that an expanding fashion industry and new forms of commercialized,leisure transformedthe nature of the Parisian promenade over the course of the century.Especially on the newly popular boulevards,people of the most diverse classes intermingled anonymously under a tacit suspension of standard status protocols.Thisexpanding leisure realm provided a limited space of de facto civic equality,a kind of existential objective correlative of the notions of abstract social and political equality being developed in the same years by the philosophes.The articleargues that thenewpromenade practices were one example of the abstracting tendency of eighteenth-centuryy commercial capitalist development in France,a tendency that made increasingly thinkable the abstract civic equality embraced in the early years of the French Revolution.

关 键 词：平等主义 贵族制 法国大革命 等级森严 等级制度 君主制 十八世纪 

分 类 号：D756.5[政治法律—政治学] K565.41[政治法律—中外政治制度]