大众体育赛事参赛者的阈限体验研究——以马拉松参赛者为例  

Liminal Experience of Participants in Mass Sports Events:A Case Study of Marathon Participants

作　　者：周方祺 许欣 戴光全[1] Zhou Fangqi;Xu Xin;Dai Guangquan(Department of Tourism Management,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学旅游管理系,广州510006

出　　处：《热带地理》2023年第8期1625-1636,共12页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目《节事场域的空间性:基于情感和秩序维度的具身和叙事研究》(42171228)。

摘　　要：节事体验是节事研究中的重要话题,而阈限体验是节事体验的核心内容。在大众体育赛事领域中,阈限体验研究仍较为欠缺。以阈限理论为逻辑出发点,以马拉松参赛者为例,通过访谈法获取研究的文本数据,使用扎根理论进行分析,提炼出40个次要范畴和10个主要范畴,并据此构建马拉松参赛者阈限体验模型。结果表明:1)马拉松参赛者阈限体验可以视为是历经“期待与憧憬—释放、颠倒与超越—自我突破与成长”的渐进过程,参赛者带着对赛事的期待和对自我良好表现的憧憬,脱离日常结构,通过感知与互动、释放与宣泄以及超越与颠倒的方式沉浸于阈限体验中,最终获得苦乐参半的体验,实现自我突破与成长,并有意愿将这份体验进行推广与传递。2)马拉松参赛者在阈限体验中,出现了其他类型节事难以产生的心流体验和自我突破,使得此种阈限体验变得更加独特难忘、有意义。文章在理论上揭示了大众体育赛事参赛者的阈限体验建构机制,延伸了体育赛事和节事体验的研究内容。有望加深赛事组织者对参赛者需求的理解,从而为参赛者创造一个更加良好、舒适的赛事环境。Event experience is an important topic in event research.Liminal experience,as the core experience of event participants,remains limited in research on mass sports events.Taking liminality theory as the logical starting point and marathon participants as subjects,this study collected data through interviews and analyzed it under the guidance of grounded theory.Forty secondary categories and ten main categories were extracted to construct a model of the liminal experience for marathon participants.The results show that the liminal experience of marathon participants can be regarded as a gradual process of"anticipation-release,inversion,and transcendence-self breakthrough and growth."The participants broke away from their daily structure with anticipation for the event and expectations of good self-performance.They immersed themselves in liminal experiences through perception,interaction,release,catharsis,transcendence,and inversion.Finally,the participants experienced a bittersweet experience,emotional sublimation,and personal growth.They were willing to promote and pass on their experiences.The research is innovatively based on marathon participants'event experience,interprets their experience from the perspective of embodied theory,explains the construction process of marathon participants'liminal experience,and enriches the research content of the liminal theory.This study observed that the marathon participants'experience is a liminal experience;however,it differs from other liminal experiences in that the participants have a flow experience and an individual self-breakthrough and growth in the liminal experience,which are difficult to produce in other events.Therefore,the theoretical value of this study is to supplement the research on the experiences of participants and liminal experiences in the field of events.The liminal experience conceptual model constructed in this study clearly shows the performance of participants at various stages,identifies key dimensions of their behavior,and lays the foundation f

关 键 词：阈限体验 节事体验 大众体育赛事 马拉松参赛者 扎根理论 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学]