黑龙江省半干旱区秸秆还田方式对土壤胡敏酸碳含量及胡敏酸荧光结构特征的影响  

Effects of Straw Returning Methods on Soil Humic Acid Carbon Content and Humic Acid Fluorescence Structure Characteristics in Semi-Arid Areas of Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：高盼[1] 刘玉涛[1] 王宇先[1] 徐莹莹[1] 杨慧莹[1] 王晨 张巩亮 GAO Pan;LIU Yutao;WANG Yuxian;XU Yingying;YANG Huiying;WANG Chen;ZHANG Gongliang(Qiqihar Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161006,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2023年第8期26-30,共5页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目(CZK-YF2021-2-C021);齐齐哈尔市科技计划创新激励项目(CNYGG-2022029,CNYGG-2022040)。

摘　　要：为促进黑龙江省西部半干旱区地力提升和秸秆综合利用,以黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院秸秆长期定位试验田为研究对象,对CK(常规种植)、FM(秸秆翻埋还田)和FG(秸秆覆盖还田)3种处理下胡敏酸碳(HAGC)含量和荧光结构进行分析.结果表明,FM和FG处理下土壤胡敏酸碳含量和胡富比(HA/FA)均表现为随着土层加深呈下降趋势,而富里酸碳(FAGC)变化无明显规律.各处理土壤胡敏酸三维荧光光谱具有类似指纹图谱特征,均出现1个主要荧光特征峰.与CK相比,FG和FM处理HA荧光峰波长均有红移现象(激发/发射波长变大).C1和C2组分包含的物质均为类腐殖酸物质.比较各处理C1组分和C2组分类腐殖酸物质的Fmax值可知,FM>FG>CK.其中FM处理下的类腐殖酸组分Fmax值最大,但不同处理间无显著差异.综上所述,秸秆翻埋还田和覆盖还田均可通过提升土壤胡敏酸碳含量,提升腐殖酸类物质含量增强土壤的保肥能力,其中以秸秆翻埋处理效果最佳.In order to promote the improvement of soil fertility and comprehensive utilization of straw in the semi-arid region of western Heilongjiang Province,the long-term positioning experimental field of Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences was used as the research object to analyze the humic acid carbon content and fluorescence structure under three treatments:CK(conventional planting),FM(straw.burying returning to the field),and FG(straw covering returning to the field).The results showed that under both FM and FG treatments,the content of soil humic acid carbon(HA-C)showed a decreasing trend with the deepening of the soil layer,and the carbon content and HA/FA showed a decreasing trend.However,there was no obvious pattern of changes in fulvic acid carbon(FA-C).The three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum of soil humic acid exhibits fingerprint like characteristics,with one main fluorescence characteristic peak appearing.Compared with CK,both FG and FM treatments showed a red shift in the fluorescence peak wavelengthof HA(with an increase in excitation/emission wavelength).The substances contained in components C1 and C2 were both humic acid like substances.Compared the Fmax values of humic acid substances classified by C1 and C2 groups,it could be concluded that FM>FG>CK.The Fmax value of humic acid components under FM treatment was the highest,but there was no significant difference bet ween different treatments.In summary,both straw burying and mulching can increase the soil humic acid carbon content.By increasing the content of humic acid substances,the fertilizer retention ability of soil was enhanced,among which straw burying treatment had the best effect.

关 键 词：秸秆翻埋还田 秸秆覆盖还田 土壤 胡敏酸碳 荧光结构 富里酸碳 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]