HIIT与AEE运动对肥胖儿童/青少年身体成分和血压的影响  

The Effects of HIIT and AEE Exercise on Body Composition and Blood Pressure in Obese Children/Adolescents

作　　者：郭子肈 王骏昇[1] GUO Zi-zhao;WANG Jun-sheng(Capital Institute of Physical Education,Beijing,100191)

机构地区：[1]首都体育学院,北京100191

出　　处：《山西大同大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第4期64-71,共8页Journal of Shanxi Datong University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：北京社科青年项目——北京市小学生动作能力与体质健康状况的相关研究[19YTC033]。

摘　　要：目的在Meta分析下系统评价高强度间歇训练(HIIT)与有氧耐力训练(AEE)对肥胖儿童和青少年的体重、身体质量指数、体脂率以及血压的干预效果,探讨合适的运动方案。方法在中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库、Web of Science、PubMed和EBSCO等数据库以“高强度间歇运动”“有氧耐力运动”等主题词进行文献检索,以建库至2022年3月为检索日期,使用Review5.4和Stata17.0对研究数据进行合并分析。结果研究共纳入文献15篇,受试者共计413名肥胖儿童/青少年,其中HIIT组210名,AEE组203名。Meta分析显示:HIIT在体重和收缩压指标的改善效果要明显优于AEE,具有显著性差异,而这两类运动处方在身体质量指数(BMI)、体脂率与舒张压方面改善效果并无显著性差异;在体重指标中,2次/周的跑步干预方案(HIIT)对降低肥胖儿童体重(≤12岁)的效果优于AEE;在收缩压指标中,3次/周、训练时间≤24 min、训练周期>12周的跑步干预方案(HIIT)对改善肥胖青少年收缩压(>12岁)能力好于AEE。结论HIIT比AEE在降低肥胖儿童/青少年体重和收缩压方面更有优势,在其余方面改善效果相似,HIIT可作为干预儿童肥胖症的有效方案。Objective To systematically review the effects of high-intensity interval training(HIIT)and aerobic endurance training(AEE)on weight,body mass index,body fat rate and blood pressure in obese children and adolescents under meta-analysis,and to explore appropriate exercise regimens.Methods CNKI,Wanfang Database,Web of Science,PubMed and EBSCO databases were searched with the themes of"high-intensity interval exercise"and"aerobic endurance exercise",and the research data were combined and analyzed using Review5.4 and Stata17.0 with the search date until March 2022.Results A total of 15 studies included a total of 413 obese children/adolescents,210 in the HIIT group and 203 in the AEE group.Meta-analysis showed that HIIT was significantly better than AEE in body weight and systolic blood pressure indexes,with significant differences,while there was no significant difference in body mass index(BMI),body fat rate and diastolic blood pressure between the two types of exercise prescriptions.In terms of weight indicators,the HIIT program with 2 runs per week has a better effect on reducing the weight of obese children(≤12 years old)than AEE;In terms of systolic blood pressure indicators,the running intervention program(HIIT)with 3 sessions per week,training time≤24 minutes,and training cycle>12 weeks is better than AEE in improving the systolic blood pressure of obese adolescents(>12 years old).Conclusion:HIIT has more advantages than AEE in reducing weight and systolic blood pressure in obese children/adolescents,and has similar improvement effects in other aspects.HIIT can be an effective intervention plan for childhood obesity.

关 键 词：高强度间歇训练 有氧耐力训练 肥胖 青少年 儿童 身体成分 血压 Meta分析 

分 类 号：G804[文化科学—运动人体科学]