纤维素对海假交替单胞菌生物被膜生物学特性及厚壳贻贝幼虫附着变态的影响  

Effect of cellulose on Pseudoalteromonas marina biofilm biological characteristics and larval settlement and metamorphosis of Mytilus coruscus

作　　者：邵安琪 李嘉政 张俊波 万荣 杨金龙[1,2,6] 梁箫[1,2] SHAO Anqi;LI Jiazheng;ZHANG Junbo;WAN Rong;YANG Jinlong;LIANG Xiao(International Research Center for Marine Biosciences,Ministry of Science and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory,Guangzhou 511458,China;College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Zhoushan Branch of National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Zhoushan 316014,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,国家海洋生物科学国际联合研究中心,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,上海市水产动物良种创制与绿色养殖协同创新中心,上海201306 [3]南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州),广东广州511458 [4]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [5]上海海洋大学,国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [6]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心舟山分中心,浙江舟山316014

出　　处：《水产学报》2023年第8期116-123,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41876159,41476131);国家重点研发计划(2019YFC0312104,2020YFD0900804);上海市优秀学术带头人计划(20XD1421800);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0402)。

摘　　要：为探究纤维素对海假交替单胞菌生物被膜的生物学特性及其对厚壳贻贝幼虫附着变态的影响,实验设置海假交替单胞菌(初始细菌密度5×10^(8)个/m L)分别与浓度为0.02、0.20、2.00、20.00 mg/L的纤维素共孵育形成生物被膜,检测形成的生物被膜对厚壳贻贝幼虫变态的诱导作用变化,比较生物被膜成膜能力、胞外产物等生物学特性变化,并分析其与厚壳贻贝幼虫附着变态的关系。纤维素浓度为2.00或20.00 mg/L时,所形成的生物被膜对幼虫附着变态的诱导活性显著降低。通过分析加入纤维素后海假交替单胞菌形成的生物被膜生物学特性发现,随着纤维素浓度升高,生物被膜中细菌的分布更为分散,细菌密度和膜厚呈逐渐降低趋势,生物被膜胞外产物中α-多糖、β-多糖和脂质的生物量显著降低,而蛋白无明显变化。在海假交替单胞菌生物被膜形成过程中,纤维素主要通过降低胞外α-多糖、β-多糖和脂质的产生,进而间接调控厚壳贻贝幼虫附着变态。研究结果为探究海假交替单胞菌纤维素对生物被膜形成及对厚壳贻贝附着变态调控分子机制提供理论依据,为整治生物污损等实际问题提供新思路。Mytilus coruscus is an important economic shellfish and a typical marine macrofouling organism in China.The process of settlement and metamorphosis in its life history is a necessary condition for the survival of larvae.The effects of cellulose on the biofilms of Pseudoalteromonas marina biological characteristics and its effect on the larval settlement and metamorphosis of M.coruscus were explored.Biofilms were cultured by different concentrations of cellulose(0.02,0.2,2 and 20 mg/L)with P.marina(initial bacterial density:5×10^(8) cells/mL).The inducing activity of biofilms formed under different conditions was tested.The results showed,when P.marina biofilm formed with the cellulose concentration of 2 mg/L,the percentage of larval settlement and metamorphosis was 25%,which was significantly lower than that of monospecific bacterial biofilm.As the cellulose concentration increased,the bacterial density of the biofilm formed by P.marina and cellulose was greatly reduced,and reached the minimum at a certain concentration(20 mg/L).The bacteria were more dispersed and biofilm thickness were significantly reduced.Compared with monospecific bacterial biofilm,the biomass of α-polysaccharides,β-polysaccharides and lipids of biofilms formed with addition of cellulose was reduced by 72.55%,62.01% and 66.23%,respectively.While for proteins,no significant difference was observed in the presence or absence of cellulose.In the process of P.marina biofilm formation,cellulose indirectly regulated the larval settlement and metamorphosis by reducing the production of extracellular polysaccharides and lipids.The findings may provide a theoretical basis for exploring the molecular mechanism of P.marina cellulose on the formation of biofilms and the settlement and metamorphosis of M.coruscus,and also provide new ideas for the treatment of biofouling.

关 键 词：厚壳贻贝 海假交替单胞菌 生物被膜 纤维素 附着变态 

分 类 号：S968.31[农业科学—水产养殖]