大型语言模型在高等教育中的应用分析与现实挑战  

The Application Analysis and Realistic Challenge of Large Language Models in Higher Education

作　　者：吴兰岸 闫寒冰[2] 黄发良 闭应洲 WU Lan-an;YAN Han-bing;HUANG Fa-liang;BI Ying-zhou(College of Computer and Information Engineering,NanNingNormal University,Nanning,Guangxi,China 530001;School of Teacher Development,East China Normal University,Shanghai,China 200062)

机构地区：[1]南宁师范大学计算机与信息工程学院,广西南宁530001 [2]华东师范大学开放教育学院,上海200062

出　　处：《现代教育技术》2023年第8期29-37,共9页Modern Educational Technology

基　　金：2021年广西研究生教育创新计划课题“后疫情时代研究生线上学习能力重构与实践路径研究”(项目编号:JGY2021160);2020年国家自然科学基金项目“大规模在线学习行为表示与预测建模研究”(项目编号:62067007)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：大型语言模型作为人工智能大模型时代的必争之地,其应用随着ChatGPT的出现而受到广泛的关注,但目前针对其在教育领域中的应用研究尤其在高等教育领域的应用研究相对较少。基于此,文章首先梳理了大型语言模型历经百年的迭代发展历程,归纳了大型语言模型数据量巨大、泛化性强、迁移性好、涌现性、同质化五个特征;然后,文章分别从积极与消极应用两个维度探讨大型语言模型在高等教育课程教学、学术研究、学生高阶思维能力培养三个层面的应用,并预测其在高等教育数字化转型领域的广阔应用前景;最后,文章从技术、生成内容、本土化建设与应用三个层面分析其在高等教育应用落地过程中所面临的诸多现实挑战并提出相应建议,以期激发高等教育的生产力与创新力,发展更有质量的中国高等教育。Large language model(LLM),as a must-have in the era of artificial intelligence big models,have received widespread attention for their applications with the emergence of ChatGPT,but there are relatively few researches on its application in the field of education,especially in the field of higher education.Based on this,the paper first reviews the iterative development of LLM after a hundred years,and summarizes five characteristics of LLM,such as large data,strong generalization,good migration,emergence and homogenization.Secondly,the paper discusses the application of LLM in higher education curriculum teaching,academic research and the cultivation of students'advanced thinking ability from two dimensions of positive and negative application,and predicts its broad application prospects in the field of digital transformation of higher education.Finally,the paper analyzes the realistic challenges of its application in higher education from three aspects,such as technology,generated content,localization construction and application,and puts forward corresponding suggestions to stimulate productivity and innovation in higher education,to develop better quality higher education in China.

关 键 词：大型语言模型 高等教育 应用分析 现实挑战 

分 类 号：G40-057[文化科学—教育学原理]