重大灾后青少年创伤心理的家庭疏导策略探索  

Family Intervention for Adolescents’Psychological Trauma Following Major Disasters

作　　者：周宵 甄瑞 ZHOU Xiao;ZHEN Rui(Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310028,China;Jing Hengyi School of Education,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学心理与行为科学系,杭州310028 [2]杭州师范大学经亨颐教育学院,杭州311121

出　　处：《应用心理学》2023年第4期317-325,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“重大灾难后青少年心理康复的家庭机制研究”(20BSH167)。

摘　　要：灾难事件容易导致青少年出现创伤心理反应,影响其身心发展,因此青少年创伤心理干预已成为公众所关注的主要议题之一。不过,当前关于青少年创伤心理疏导存在着服务力量分散、系统协同性欠缺,心理服务侧重短期心理干预、忽视长期的心理疏导,心理干预视角片面,缺少家庭参与等方面的局限。为了弥补这些局限,帮助灾后青少年积极应对创伤及其相关情绪,有必要从家庭系统的视角对灾后青少年进行心理疏导,强化家庭与社会、学校和医院的协作,提升灾后青少年家庭心理疏导的能力;关注父母心理健康,提升其心理素养;改善夫妻关系和教养孩子的方式,营造良好的家庭氛围;提升父母创伤心理相关知识和技能,协助父母对青少年开展长期心理呵护。Major disasters always elicit psychological trauma for adolescent victims,which hinders their normal development.Thus,relieving negative posttraumatic reactions in adolescents becomes a topic issue in the field of trauma psychology.To help adolescents relieve their negative psychological outcomes,it was necessary to carry out the psychological intervention from the perspective of family system.Here,family should strengthen the communication with social organizations,the primary and middle school,and hospitals,and thus improving family’s capability to handle adolescents’mental problems.Moreover,it is of vital importance to pay attention to parents’psychological problems,boost their mental health literary,improve martial relationship and parents’parenting behaviors,build a positive and functional family atmosphere,teach parents trauma-related knowledge and skill,and help parents to carry out the psychological service for adolescents in a long-time framework.

关 键 词：灾难 创伤心理 家庭 父母 青少年 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]