负性情绪状态对短时记忆表征的影响  

The Effect of Negative Emotional States on Short-term Memory Representations

作　　者：郭利静 叶超雄 龙芳芳 刘昕旸 谢蔚臻 GUO Li-jing;YE Chao-xiong;LONG Fang-fang;LIU Xin-yang;XIE Wei-zhen(Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610068,China;Department of Psychology,University of Jyvaskyla,Jyvaskyla 40014,Finland;Faculty of Social Sciences,Tampere University,Tampere 33100,Finland;Department of Psychology,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke,National Institutes of Health,Bethesda,Maryland 20892,USA)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学脑与心理科学研究院,成都610068 [2]于韦斯屈莱大学心理学系,于韦斯屈莱,芬兰40014 [3]坦佩雷大学社会科学学院,坦佩雷,芬兰33100 [4]南京大学心理学系,南京210023 [5]美国国立神经疾病与卒中研究所,美国国立卫生研究院,马里兰州贝塞斯达,美国20892

出　　处：《应用心理学》2023年第4期352-364,共13页Chinese Journal of Applied Psychology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31700948)资助。

摘　　要：情绪状态的起伏影响着我们记忆的内容。研究发现,负性情绪影响短时记忆的表征。这符合负性情绪对信息加工的双刃作用:负性情绪状态可使人警觉,调整注意范围内的认知资源分配以优化个别信息表征的加工;负性情绪又可干扰认知控制,减少短时间内同时记住事物的数量。然而,这一发现可能受情绪诱发、短时记忆任务和个体差异因素的影响。通过回顾该领域的研究,从理论和实证研究的角度探讨负性情绪如何通过注意焦点影响短时记忆表征。Emotional states substantially influence what we remember at a given moment.Recent research has shown that negative emotion modulates short-term memory(STM)representations,changing the quantity and quality of information that can be held in mind over a short retention interval.While negative emotion can increase one’s alertness and optimize information processing under the focus of attention,it can also interfere with the control-related process,rendering it difficult to simultaneously remember multiple items in STM.However,these effects may be moderated by factors that can significantly influence our behaviors but have been less examined in previous studies,such as emotional induction procedures,STM task demands,and individual differences.Here,by reviewing recent theoretical and empirical studies in this research area and discussingby reviewing recent theoretical and empirical studies in this research area and discussing how negative emotion may modulate the attention scope to STM representations.

关 键 词：负性情绪状态 短时记忆 数量 精度 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]