基于GA-FUZZY-PID算法的精准施肥控制系统研究  

A Precise Fertilization Control System Based on GA-FUZZY-PID Algorithm

作　　者：王昊 张立新[1] 吴勋 王梦帆 李靖 闫梓洋 WANG Hao;ZHANG Li-xin;WU Xun;WANG Meng-fan;LI Jing;YAN Zi-yang(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学机械电气工程学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2023年第8期52-58,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52065055);新疆建设兵团财政科技计划项目(2022BC004)。

摘　　要：新疆地区作为我国最大的棉花产区,棉田滴灌技术已基本成熟并得到广泛应用,目前棉田滴灌系统控制方法主要集中在PID控制算法与模糊控制算法,但传统PID算法易引起超调,模糊算法参数大多基于人工经验设置,使得控制欠细腻。针对这些问题,设计了一套基于GA-Fuzzy-PID算法的控制系统,结合遗传算法计算简单、功能强、优化效果好的特点,通过改变与软管泵相连的变频器的频率来实现精确调节软管泵出口的施肥流量。对PID算法、Fuzzy-PID算法、GA-Fuzzy-PID算法进行了不同流量设定下的软件模拟和流量设定为0.6 m^(3)/h时的实验验证。结果表明,基于GA-Fuzzy-PID的控制器最大超调量与稳态时间明显缩短,具有更优异的控制效果,更能满足施肥灌溉系统精准控制的要求。As the largest cotton producing area in China,drip irrigation technology of cotton field has been basically mature and widely used.At present,the control methods of drip irrigation system of cotton field mainly focus on PID control algorithm and fuzzy control algorithm,but the traditional PID algorithm is easy to cause overshoot,and the parameters of fuzzy algorithm are mostly set based on manual experience,which makes the control not delicate.Aiming at these problems,this paper designs a control system based on GA-Fuzzy-PID algorithm,which combines the characteristics of simple calculation,strong function and good optimization effect of Genetic Algorithm.By changing the frequency of the frequency converter connected with the hose pump,the fertilization flow rate at the outlet of the hose pump is precisely adjusted.The numerical simulation of PID algorithm,Fuzzy-PID algorithm and GA-Fuzzy-PID algorithm under different flow settings is compared with the experiment result when the flow is set at 0.6 m^(3)/h.The results show that the maximum overshoot and steady state time of GA-Fuzzy-PID controller are obviously shortened,and the GA-Fuzzy-PID controller has better control effect and can meet the requirements of precise control of fertilization and irrigation system.

关 键 词：GA-Fuzzy-PID算法 水肥一体化 MATLAB仿真 精准施肥 最大超调量 稳态时间 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程] TP273[农业科学—农业工程]