UV-A对黄瓜嫁接苗质量及生理特性的影响  

Effects of UV-A on quality and physiological characteristics of cucumber grafted seedlings

作　　者：许亚良 刘新颖 崔寿广 孙启颖 马重阳 郑胤建 李清明 XU Yaliang;LIU Xinying;CUI Shouguang;SUN Qiying;MA Chongyang;ZHENG Yinjian;LI Qingming(Institute of Urban Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,National Chengdu Agricultural Science and Technology Center,Chengdu 610299,China;College of Horticulture Science and Engineering,Shandong Agriculture University,Taian,Shandong 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院都市农业研究所,国家成都农业科技中心,成都610299 [2]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2023年第7期1370-1382,共13页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31872154和31902092);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(34-IUA-03和34-IUA-01);成都农业科技中心地方财政专项资金项目(NASC2020AR10、NASC2020KR01和NASC2022KR01)。

摘　　要：以‘津优35号’黄瓜为接穗,‘日本青藤台木’南瓜为砧木,选用光质及光强可调节的LED智能调光台,以光强为150μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)的白红蓝混合光(UV0,W:R:B=50:70:30)为对照,依次以光照强度为10(UV10)、20(UV20)、30μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)(UV30)的UV-A取代相等强度的白光照射黄瓜嫁接苗,探究其对黄瓜嫁接苗生长、光合生理及抗氧化能力的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,UV20处理下黄瓜嫁接苗接穗茎粗、全株干重、鲜重、根系指标、壮苗指数、G值、气孔导度(Gs)及叶绿素含量均显著增加。UV10和UV20处理下的叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、实际光化学量子效率(ΦPSII)、光化学淬灭系数(q P)和电子传递速率(ETR)均显著高于对照,胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)和非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)均显著低于对照。UV10、UV20和UV30处理均促进黄瓜嫁接苗活性氧积累,诱导超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性提高,并增加了总酚和类黄酮的含量,提高植株总抗氧化能力。综上所述,添加适量的UV-A能够促进黄瓜嫁接苗的生长,提高光合能力,促进抗氧化物质的积累,有利于嫁接苗壮苗的形成。The experiment was conducted in a closed artificial climate chamber with artificial light,'Jinyou 35'cucumber and'Sinomenium japonicum'pumpkin were used as scion and rootstock,respectively,and the light intensity and quality were both adjustable.White,red and blue mixed light with light intensity of 150μmol-m^(-2).s^(-1)(UV0,W:R:B=50:70:30)was regarded as control,and UV-A with light intensity of 10(UV10),20(UV20)and 30μmolm^(2).s1(UV30)was respectively used instead of equal white light.The growth,photosynthetic physiology and antioxidant capacity of cucumber grafted seedlings were determined.The results showed that,compared with Uvo,scion stem diameter,whole plant dry weight,fresh weight,root index,strong seedling index,G value,stomatal conductance(G,)and chlorophyll content of cucumber grafted seedlings were significantly increased under UV20.The net photosynthetic rate(Pr),transpiration rate(T.),actual photochemical quantum efficiency(Φpsi),photochemical quenching coefficient(qP)and electron transport rate(ETR)of UV10 and UV20 were higher than those of the UV0,but the intercellular CO2 concentration(C)and non-photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ)were lower than those of UV0.UV10,UV20 and UV30 treatments all promoted the accumulation of reactive oxygen species,induced the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT),increased the contents of total phenols and flavonoids,and improved the total antioxidant capacity of cucumber grafted seedlings.In conclusion,moderate addition of UV-A can promote the growth of cucumber grafted seedlings,improve photosynthetic capacity,promote the accumulation of antioxidants,and facilitate the formation of strong grafted seedlings.

关 键 词：黄瓜嫁接苗 UV-A 光合特性 抗氧化能力 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]