石油烃微生物降解基因及其工程菌应用研究进展  

Research on the application of petroleum hydrocarbon degradation genes and their recombinant bacteria

作　　者：常晓宇 季蕾 黄玉杰 宋繁永 王加宁 CHANG Xiao-yu;JI Lei;HUANG Yu-jie;SONG Fan-yong;WANG Jia-ning(Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology,Ecology Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan 250103,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院),山东省科学院生态研究所,山东省应用微生物重点实验室,山东济南250103

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2023年第8期4305-4315,共11页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1804103)。

摘　　要：石油烃污染是目前严重的环境问题,微生物修复技术是现阶段修复石油烃污染的有效手段.微生物能够通过降解基因编码产生的一系列酶来降解石油烃污染物,因此研究石油烃降解基因不仅能够明晰降解机制.同时也能为石油烃降解基因工程菌的构建提供了理论依据.本文总结了石油烃降解的功能基因和关键酶种类,重点综述了长链烷烃代谢途径及其降解基因.汇总了目前石油烃降解基因工程菌的构建策略,概述了已有研究中存在的问题与不足,对今后利用基因工程技术提高石油污染的修复效率做出了展望.Petroleum hydrocarbon pollution is currently a serious environmental problem.Microbial remediation is an effective means of remediating petroleum hydrocarbon contamination at this stage.Microorganisms are able to degrade petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants through a series of enzymes encoded by degradation genes.Therefore,the study of petroleum hydrocarbon degradation genes can not only clarify the degradation mechanism but also provide a theoretical basis for the construction of petroleum hydrocarbon degradation genetic engineering bacteria.This paper summarized the functional genes and key enzyme species for petroleum hydrocarbon degradation,focused on the metabolic pathways of long-chain alkanes and their degradation genes.The current strategies for the construction of petroleum hydrocarbon degrading genetically engineered bacteria are summarized,the problems and shortcomings of the existing studies are outlined,and the future prospects for the use of genetic engineering technology to improve the remediation efficiency of petroleum pollution are presented.

关 键 词：石油烃 长链烷烃 功能基因 基因工程菌 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]