滇池藻毒素时空分布特征及其与环境因子的相关性分析  

Seasonal and Spatial Variations of Microcystins and Their Correlations with Physiochemical and Biological Factors in Dianchi Lake

作　　者：罗婧 陶冕 李冲 李涛燕 王绍艳 蒋昌李 程云轩 段平洲 LUO Jing;TAO Mian;LI Chong;LI Taoyan;WANG Shaoyan;JIANG Changli;CHENG Yunxuan;DUAN Pingzhou(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Kunming Urban Drainage Monitoring Station,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]昆明市城市排水监测站,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2023年第8期1498-1507,共10页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2017YFA0605202);科技基础性工作专项重点项目(No.2015FY110900);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2012ZX07102-004)。

摘　　要：滇池频繁暴发蓝藻水华对生态系统和人类健康造成了潜在威胁.为实现对滇池水体藻毒素(MCs)的快速监测,厘清其时空分布特征和驱动因子,通过对滇池33个点位的调查采样,利用超高效液相色谱质谱仪(UPLC-MS/MS)开发了在线固相萃取同时测定地表水中8种MCs的检测方法.该方法简便快捷,具有灵敏度高、准确性强的特点.本文利用该方法分析了滇池MCs浓度的时空分布特征,并通过Pearson相关性分析研究MCs浓度与环境因子的关系.结果表明:(1)滇池MCs浓度的时间分布规律表现为夏季(141.5475~896.8037 ng/L)>春季(51.2630~1245.2583 ng/L)>秋季(28.4733~409.1775 ng/L)>冬季(16.2716~122.8470ng/L);在空间上,滇池中部区域(观音山西-观音山中)在全年均检测出了较高的MCs浓度,同时,春夏季时外海和草海北部的整体浓度显著升高.(2)在MCs组成上,MC-LR是滇池的主要毒素种类,其次为MC-LW、MC-RR和MC-WR,而MC-LR和MC-LW的占比受到了水温的显著影响.(3)MCs浓度与藻密度呈显著负相关,这可能与滇池特殊的水力条件和流场有关;MCs浓度与叶绿素(Chla)浓度、氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)浓度、总磷(TP)浓度、高锰酸盐指数、透明度均呈显著正相关,与总氮(TN)浓度呈显著负相关,与BOD5呈极显著正相关.研究显示,光照强度(透明度)和营养盐(TN、TP、有机物)浓度是控制滇池MCs产生的重要因子,这为滇池MCs的预测预警和生态风险防控提供了科学依据.Frequent outbreaks of cyanobacteria bloom in Dianchi Lake pose a potential threat to ecosystem and human health.Aiming to realize rapid monitoring of algal toxins in Dianchi Lake,and clarify its spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and driving factors,this study developed an on-line solid phase extraction method for the simultaneous determination of 8 kinds of algal toxins in surface water using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)through the investigation and sampling of 33 spots in Dianchi Lake.The method is simple and fast,with high sensitivity and accuracy.This method was used to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of algal toxins in Dianchi Lake and their correlation with environmental factors.The results showed that the temporal distribution of the concentration of algal toxins in Dianchi Lake was summer(141.5475-896.8037 ng/L)>spring(51.2630-1245.2583 ng/L)>autumn(28.4733-409.1775 ng/L)>winter(16.2716-122.8470 ng/L).The central area of Dianchi Lake(Guanyin Shanxi-Guanyin Mountain)had high concentrations of MCs throughout the year.At the same time,the overall concentrations of the outer sea and the northern part of Caohai increased significantly in spring and summer.In terms of composition of algal toxins,MC-LR is the main toxin species in Dianchi Lake,followed by MC-LW,MC-RR and MC-WR,and the proportion of MC-LR and MC-LW is significantly affected by temperature.There is a significant negative correlation between the concentration of algal toxins and the biomass of algae,which may be related to the special hydraulic conditions and flow field of Dianchi Lake.There is a significant positive correlation between algal toxins and chlorophyll concentration Chl-a,a significant positive correlation with NH_(4)^(+)-N,TP and permanganate index,a significant negative correlation with TN,a very significant positive correlation with BOD5,and a significant positive correlation with transparency.The above results show that light intensity(transparency)and n

关 键 词：藻毒素(MCs) 滇池 时空分布 环境因子 超高效液相色谱质谱仪(UPLC-MS/MS) 

分 类 号：X21[环境科学与工程—环境科学]