孤立波低顶海堤越浪的数值模拟研究  

Numerical study of solitary wave overtopping a low-crested seawall

作　　者：刘竹琴 殷铭简 赵西增[1,2] 罗敏 LIU Zhuqin;YIN Mingjian;ZHAO Xizeng;LUO Min(Ocean College,Zhejiang University,Zhoushan 316021,China;School of Marine Engineering Equipment,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学海洋学院,浙江舟山316021 [2]浙江海洋大学海洋工程装备学院,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《海洋工程》2023年第4期91-102,共12页The Ocean Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(51909179)。

摘　　要：灾害性波浪是中国沿海地区最具破坏性的自然灾害之一。采用开源程序OpenFOAM中interFoam求解器,对低顶海堤(在风暴潮和海平面上升情况下所面临的不利工况)的孤立波越浪特性开展数值模拟研究。通过孤立波冲击海堤的基准算例,验证模型在模拟波浪爬升和越浪过程中大变形波面以及剧烈波浪力方面的精度。基于验证的数值模型,对孤立波在低顶海堤上的越浪特征以及防浪墙高度对越浪的影响开展参数化研究。结果表明堤顶超高减小导致更为剧烈的越浪。针对尚无低顶海堤孤立波越浪量经验公式的问题,提出新的适用于堤顶超高小或为0的孤立波越浪量经验公式。此外,研究发现增加防浪墙高度可有效减少越浪,但防浪墙所受的波浪力也增大。综合考虑防浪墙减少越浪以及自身所受波浪力,针对文中研究采用的海堤截面和波浪条件,建议无量纲防浪墙高度取为1.00。Disastrous waves are one of the most destructive natural hazards in the coastal regions of China.The interFoam solver of OpenFOAM,an open-source code,is used to study the solitary wave overtopping a low-crested seawall(the critical condition under storm surges and sea level rise).Firstly,the accuracy of the model in simulating large wave deformation and violent wave force in the process of wave runup and overtopping is verified by a benchmark example.Then,based on the validated numerical model,parametric studies are carried out on the solitary wave overtopping characteristics on low-crested seawalls and the influence of crown-wall height on overtopping.Results show that the overtopping at low-crested seawalls is more severe.In view that the present empirical formulas of overtopping discharge are not applicable to seawalls of low or zero crests,a new formula is proposed.Besides,increasing the crownwall height can reduce the overtopping effectively and increase the wave forces applied on the crown wall.For compromising overtopping reduction and wave forces on the wall,the dimensionless height of the crown wall is recommended to be 1.00 for the considered seawall section and wave conditions.

关 键 词：越浪 孤立波 低顶海堤 波浪力 防浪墙 

分 类 号：TV139.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]