海拔高度对会理烤烟品质及代谢组学的影响  

Effects of altitude on quality and metabolomics of Huili flue-cured tobacco

作　　者：王文辉[1] 袁文彬 李谨成[2] 杨天旭[2] 邵兰军[2] 谢丹凤 王维[1] WANG Wen-hui;YUAN Wen-bin;LI Jin-cheng;YANG Tian-xu;SHAO Lan-jun;XIE Dan-feng;WANG Wei(South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510640,China;China Tobacco Guangdong Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510610,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学,广州510640 [2]广东中烟工业有限责任公司,广州510610

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2023年第6期1180-1187,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(2020440000340035)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究会理烟区海拔高度与烤烟质量、风格特征和代谢物的关系。【方法】在会理烟区海拔1550~2300 m范围内,以云烟87为研究材料,研究会理烟区不同海拔高度对烤烟的常规化学成分、感官质量和代谢组学的影响。【结果】较高海拔更有利于烤烟总糖、还原糖和石油醚提取物的积累,而烟碱和总氮则与之相反,糖碱比与海拔极显著相关,呈强正相关;随着海拔升高,烤烟香气质改善、香气量增多、杂气增加、清甜香型风格更典型,但劲头有所降低;通过OPLS-DA模型共筛选出28个差异代谢物,其中,低海拔地区烤烟的烟碱和与其关系密切的烟酸、麦斯明表达量较高,中海拔地区烤烟的壬酸、己酸等有机酸类物质含量最丰富,高海拔地区烤烟的苯甲醇、苯乙醇、麦芽醇等醇类物质和新植二烯、二氢大马酮、大马酮、β-紫罗兰酮、二氢猕猴桃内脂等质体色素降解产物相对含量最高;差异代谢物被注释到碳水化合物代谢、氨基酸代谢、萜类和聚酮化合物代谢等6条B级代谢通路,其中,海拔高度的变化对烟叶碳水化合物代谢和氨基酸代谢的影响最显著。【结论】总糖、还原糖、糖碱比、醇类和质体色素降解产物含量的升高是高海拔地区烤烟感官质量改善、风格特征更彰显的重要原因,因此,适当提高会理烟区植烟海拔有利于提升产区烤烟质量和彰显其清甜香型风格。[Objective]The present paper aimed to explore the relationship between altitude and flue-cured tobacco quality,style and metabo-lites in Huili.[Method]Using Yunyan87 as the research material,the effects of different altitudes in the range of 1550-2300 meters in the Huili tobacco area region on the conventional chemical composition,sensory quality,and metabolomics of tobacco were studied.[Result]A higher altitude of tobacco planting was more conducive to the accumulation of total sugars,reducing sugars,and petroleum ether extracts in tobacco,but the content of nicotine and total nitrogen was opposite.There was a significant and strong positive correlation between sugar-alka-li ratio and altitude.With the increase of altitude,the aroma quality of flue-cured tobacco was improved,the aroma quantity was increased,the offensive odor was reduced,and the style sweet flavor was more typical,but the impact decreased.A total of 28 different metabolites were screened by the OPLS-DA model,and the nicotine of flue-cured tobacco at low altitudes and the niacin and mesmine,which were closely re-lated to it,were higher expressed.The organic acid substances such as nonanoic acid and hexanoic acid had the richest content in tobacco from mid-altitude areas.Relative content of alcohol derivatives such as benzyl alcohol,phenylethanol,maltol and degradation product of plas-tid pigment such as neophytadiene,damascene 2-buten-1-one,β-ionone,2(4h)-benzofuranone of flue-cured tobacco in high altitude area was the highest;The different metabolites were annotated to six B-level metabolic pathways,including carbohydrate metabolism,amino acid metabolism,terpenoid and polyketone compound metabolism,and so on.Among them,altitude had the most significant impact on tobacco leaf carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism.[Conclusion]The increase in total sugars,reducing sugars,sugar-alkali ratio,alco-hol derivatives and degradation product of plastid pigment is the important reasons for the improvement of the sensory quality and the more pr

关 键 词：会理烟区 烤烟 海拔高度 化学成分 感官质量 代谢组学 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]