古藏语言说动词skad的语法化  

A Research on the Grammaticalization of the Ancient Tibetan Verb"Skad"

作　　者：格日杰布 Geri Jiebu

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学中国少数民族语言文学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《西藏研究》2023年第3期76-82,161,共8页Tibetan Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金冷门绝学研究项目“敦煌藏文大事纪年文书研究”(项目编号:22VJXG043)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：古藏语言说动词skad(■)从实义动词逐步演化为引语标记、比拟格和传信标记。在8—10世纪的吐蕃碑文和敦煌藏文文献中,skad作实义动词、引语标记和比拟格。而在11世纪之后的文献中,普遍用作传信标记。这些不同的用法呈现了该词从实词逐步演变为虚词的完整阶段。藏语言说动词中,比拟格的案例并不多,这一发现不仅能丰富藏语动词语法化词库,对其他藏缅语族语言动词语法化研究也有积极的参考价值。同时,通过界定功能演化顺序,有望为古藏文文献写作年代的确定提供更多语言学证据。The ancient Tibetan verb"skad"gradually changed from a notional verb to a word that has quotative,analogous and transmission functions.During 8th to 1oth century,"skad"was used as a notional verb,a quotative mark and a word of analogous functionin the Tubo tablet inscription and Dunhuang ancient Tibetan documents.However,this word was commonly used as a transmission mark in the literature after the llth century.These different usages represent the gradual evolution of this word from a full verb to a function word.There are not many cases of analogy in Tibetan verbs.This finding can not only enrich the grammatical lexicon of Tibetan verbs,but also has positive reference value for the study of grammatical verb in other Tibeto-Burman languages.By defining the sequence of functional evolution,it is expected to provide more linguistic evidence for the determination of the writing age of ancient Tibetan documents.

关 键 词：skad 言说动词 引语标记 比拟格 传信标记 

分 类 号：H214[语言文字—少数民族语言]