后置列举词“等”“等等”的习得偏误研究  

A study on the acquisition errors of the postposition enumeration words deng(等)and dengdeng(等等)

作　　者：夏历[1] 孟乐 XIA Li;MENG Le(School of Literature,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang,Liaoning 110034,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学文学院,辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《华文教学与研究》2023年第3期44-52,共9页TCSOL Studies

摘　　要：HSK动态作文语料库、全球汉语中介语语料库的检索结果显示,相较于其他后置列举词,第二语言学习者对“等”和“等等”的使用频率最高,二者与前后项、标点符号的搭配情况多样。第二语言学习者使用“等”“等等”时的偏误率较高,在抽取出的2000条语料中,存在456条错误的语料,占比22.8%。其中,搭配问题比较突出,二者混淆使用的情况也较为多见。从示范的角度看,词典等工具书对二者释义和使用方法阐述的简单化,对外汉语教材收录和展示的不均衡性、英文释义的不对等性,以及以汉语为母语者使用的随意性等,是导致第二语言学习者使用“等”“等等”时产生偏误的重要原因。因而,在教材编写层面,可以提高“等”“等等”的收录比例、完善二者的英文释义,明确二者的区别;在教学实施层面,教师可以加强梳理和选择具有共识性的释义与搭配标准,提升对二者本身及其区别讲解的重视程度和力度。The retrieval results from the HSK Dynamic Composition Corpus and the Global Chinese Interlanguage Corpus indicate that second language learners have the highest frequency of using deng(等)and dengdeng(等等)compared to other postpositive enumerative words.The collocation patterns of these two words with preceding and following items and punctuation marks are diverse.Second language learners have a relatively high error rate when using deng and dengdeng.Among the 2,000 extracted language samples,there were 456 erroneous samples,accounting for 22.8%of the total,and the issue of collocation is particularly prominent.What's more,there are also many instances of confusion between the two words.Some of the reasons that lead to errors in the use of deng and dengdeng by second language learners are,with regard to demonstration,the simplification of the definitions and usages of deng and dengdeng in dictionaries and reference books,the imbalance in their inclusion and presentation in teaching materials for Chinese as a foreign language,the unequivalence of English translations,as well as the casual usage by native Chinese speakers.Therefore,as for textbook compilation,the inclusion ratio of deng and dengdeng can be increased,and their English translations can be improved with clearer distinctions between the two.As for teaching implementation,teachers can strengthen the organization and selection of consensual definitions and collocation standards,and emphasize further the explanations on the two words and their differences.Additionally,as for native Chinese speakers,it is also necessary to enhance awareness of linguistic norms in their use of the language.

关 键 词：等 等等 后置列举词 二语习得 偏误 

分 类 号：H195.3[语言文字—汉语]