芙蓉鲤鲫仔稚鱼的异速生长模式及饥饿不可逆点研究  

Allometric growth pattern and point of no return for starvation of Furong crucian carp(Carassius auratus Furong carp♀×Cyprinus carpio red crucian carp♂)

作　　者：谢敏[1] 吴浩 宋锐[1] 向劲[1,2] 周洁 李鸿 曾国清[1] 李绍明[1] 向建国[3] XIE Min;WU Hao;SONG Rui;XIANG Jin;ZHOU Jie;LI Hong;ZENG Guo-qing;LI Shao-ming;XIANG Jian-guo(Hunan Fisheries Science Institute,Changsha,Hunan 410153,China;Aquatic Products Seed Stock Station in Hunan Province,Changsha,Hunan 410153,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省水产科学研究所,湖南长沙410153 [2]湖南省水产原种场,湖南长沙410153 [3]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2023年第4期1253-1262,共10页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系项目(CARS-45);长沙市自然科学基金项目(kq2202354)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究芙蓉鲤鲫(Carassius auratus Furong carp♀×Cyprinus carpio red crucian carp♂)仔稚鱼的异速生长模式和饥饿耐受力,为芙蓉鲤鲫鱼苗培育提供参考依据。【方法】持续测定芙蓉鲤鲫仔稚鱼各功能器官[全长、眼径、吻、头、体高、躯干、背鳍、臀鳍和尾鳍]的长度,探究其异速生长模型,并观察分析其饥饿状态下的初次摄食率。【结果】芙蓉鲤鲫仔鱼3日龄开口摄食,9日龄卵黄囊完全消失,仔鱼的相对混合营养期比率为2.0,表明其耐饥饿能力较强。芙蓉鲤鲫仔稚鱼优先发育体高、吻、头、背鳍和臀鳍等与消化、摄食、呼吸和游泳平衡相关的器官来适应早期人工培育环境,异速生长模式中各器官的生长拐点主要集中在弯曲期和后弯曲期,眼径、吻、头、体高、躯干、背鳍、臀鳍和尾鳍分别在16日龄(全长为14.00 mm)、12日龄(全长为11.42 mm)、14日龄(全长为11.96 mm)、12日龄(全长为11.38 mm)、16日龄(全长为13.96 mm)、14日龄(全长为12.10 mm)、15日龄(全长为13.20 mm)和23日龄(全长为17.21 mm)出现生长拐点。相对于全长,体高在拐点前为正异速生长,在拐点后为等速生长;吻、背鳍和臀鳍在拐点前后均为正异速生长;躯干在拐点前后均为负异速生长;头和眼径则由等速生长转变为正异速生长;胸鳍、体长和尾长未观察到生长拐点。仔鱼饥饿试验结果表明,3日龄仔鱼初次摄食率为10.0%,8日龄初次摄食率达最高(90.0%)后迅速下降,10日龄降至45.0%,达饥饿不可逆点(PNR)。【结论】芙蓉鲤鲫仔鱼各器官生长拐点主要集中于12~16日龄,优先发育体高、吻、头、背鳍和臀鳍等与摄食、消化、呼吸系统建立和游泳平衡相关的器官。芙蓉鲤鲫仔鱼3日龄即开口摄食,PNR为10日龄,相对混合营养期比率为2.0,耐受饥饿能力较强。在水温为(19.90±2.83)℃条件下,芙蓉鲤鲫脱膜后3~4日龄为下塘培育最佳时间点,下塘时间最【Objective】To provide a reference for the breeding of Furong crucian carp larvae(Carassius auratus Furong carp♀×Cyprinus carpio red crucian carp♂),the allometric growth pattern and starvation tolerance of Furong cru cian carp have been explored.【Method】In this paper,the morphological length of function organs(total length,eye diameter,sount,head,body height,trunk,dorsal fin,anal fin,caudal fin)of Furong crucian carp larvae were measured conti-nuously to study its allometric growth pattern and initial feeding rate under the state of starvation.【Result】The results showed that Furong crucian carp larvae opened mouths for feeding at 3 days of age,and the yolk sac disappeared completely at 9 days of age.The relative ratio of mixed nutrition stage of larvae was 2.0,which indicated that Furong crucian carp larvae had strong starvation tolerance.Furong crucian carp larvea preferentially developed organs related to digestion,feeding,breathing,and swimming balance such as body height,snout,head,dorsal and anal fins to adapt to the early artificial breeding environment.The growth inflection points in the allometric growth pattern of Furong crucian carp mainly occurred in the flexion and post-flexion stages.Eye diameter,snout,head,body height,trunk,dorsal fin,anal fin and caudal fin appeared growth inflection points at 16 days of age(total length 14.00 mm),12 days of age(total length 11.42 mm),14 days of age(total length 11.96 mm),12 days of age(total length 11.38 mm),16 days of age(total length 13.96 mm),14 days of age(total length 12.10 mm),15 days of age(total length 13.20 mm)and 23 days of age(total length 17.21 mm)respectively.Relative to the total length,body height was positive allometric growth before the growth inflection point,and was isokinetic growth after the growth inflection point.The snout,dorsal fin and anal fin were all positive allometric growth before and after the growth inflection point.The trunk was negative allometric growth before and after the growth inflection point.Head and eye di

关 键 词：芙蓉鲤鲫 异速生长 生长拐点 初次摄食率 饥饿不可逆点 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]