3个不同类型西瓜品种果实发育过程中游离氨基酸的积累分析  

Analysis of free amino acids accumulation during fruit development in three different types of watermelons

作　　者：杨东东 袁明 路绪强[1] 龚成胜 赵永 袁飞 刘文革[1] YANG Dongdong;YUAN Ming;LU Xuqiang;GONG Chengsheng;ZHAO Yong;YUAN Fei;LIU Wenge(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,CAAS,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China;Dongtai National Modern Agricultural Industrial Park,Dongtai 224200,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009 [2]东台国家现代农业产业园,江苏东台224200

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第8期1651-1665,共15页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项经费项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-ZFRI);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-25-03);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0100704);“科技兴蒙”行动重点专项(NMMKJX202114)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨3个不同类型西瓜果实中游离氨基酸含量和积累模式的差异及游离氨基酸在西瓜种质分类中的潜在价值。【方法】以3个不同类型的西瓜品种为试材,对不同发育时期果实中游离氨基酸进行测定分析。【结果】共检测到24种游离氨基酸,发现瓜氨酸、谷氨酰胺和甘氨酸在3个类型西瓜中含量(w,后同)较高,为0.1~0.5 g·kg^(-1),且含量差异较大;精氨酸仅在冰糖脆中含量高,为0.12 g·kg^(-1);其余游离氨基酸含量均低于0.05 g·kg^(-1)。在游离氨基酸含量的积累模式中,PI532726中17种呈抛物线型,6种呈上升型,1种为其他形式;宁夏红籽瓜中13种呈上升型,6种呈抛物线型,5种为其他形式;冰糖脆中11种呈“N”型,13种为其他形式。PI532726和宁夏红籽瓜中游离氨基酸含量和积累模式相似。【结论】3个类型西瓜果实中瓜氨酸、甘氨酸和谷氨酰胺含量高,且差异显著,精氨酸仅在冰糖脆中含量高;PI532726和宁夏红籽瓜中游离氨基酸含量和积累模式相似,与冰糖脆差异显著;对多种游离氨基酸含量和积累模式的结合分析可能在西瓜种质分类中发挥作用。【Objective】Watermelon belongs to the genus Watermelon in the Cucurbitaceae family.It has 7 species,and there are many varieties within the genus.Among them,egusi watermelon(Citrullus mucosospermus),seed edible watermelon(C.lanatus var.megalospermus) and common watermelon(C.lanatus var.vulgaris) have been cultivated at commercial scales.Common watermelon is a sweetflesh watermelon for daily consumption.Egusi watermelon is an important economic crop in West African countries,and the seed edible watermelon is the main economic crop in the arid area of northwest China.Free amino acids are not only important nutrients in watermelon fruit,but also an important nitrogen source.They participate in fruit development and perform their respective functions,which are connected to each other.Studies have shown that there are significant differences in the accumulation and content of some free amino acids such as citrulline in different varieties of watermelons.The differences in metabolites can be used for distinguishing varieties.This study determined amino acids in fruits at four development stages(10,18,26,34 d) in three watermelon varieties,PI532726(egusi watermelon),Ningxia Red Seed(seed edible watermelon) and Bing Tang Cui(common watermelon) with HPLC.The accumulation and metabolism of 24 kinds of free amino acids was analyzed.【Methods】According to the development characteristics of different varieties,four watermelon fruit with the same growth and good development status were sampled for each variety and quickly frozen with liquid nitrogen.The watermelon pulp was completely freeze-dried in a freeze dryer and then ground into fine powder.A sample of 1.00 g of freeze-dried pulp was taken and suspended in 90 mL boiling water,and bathed in 95 ℃ water for 10 minutes after full mixed.The suspension was forced through a 0.22 μm water-phase filter,and the filtrate was cooled to room temperature and set to a volume of 125 mL.10 μL of the filtrate was pipetted into a glass-lined tube,added with 20 μL of derivatizati

关 键 词：西瓜 发育时期 游离氨基酸 积累模式 高效液相色谱 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]