茶树地方群体种资源叶片表型及生化组分多样性分析  

Diversity Analysis of Leaf Phenotype and Biochemical Components in Tea Local Population Resources

作　　者：唐璐 李长乐 葛悦 王璞 赵华 王明乐 王郁 郭飞 倪德江[1] TANG Lu;LI Changle;GE Yue;WANG Pu;ZHAO Hua;WANG Mingle;WANG Yu;GUO Fei;NI Dejiang(National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation&Utilization of Horticultural Crops,College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《茶叶科学》2023年第4期473-488,共16页Journal of Tea Science

基　　金：农业生物种质资源挖掘与利用(2022YFD1200505);临沧市建设国家可持续发展议程创新示范区科技专项(202204AC100001-A01)。

摘　　要：为保护茶树种质资源和促进茶树种质创新,对来自全国12个省份的32份茶树地方群体种资源表型性状及生化组分多样性进行了研究。结果表明,16个表型性状的遗传多样性指数变化范围为0.81~1.94,供试群体表型遗传多样性较高;叶面积、叶形、叶面、芽叶茸毛、叶尖、叶身6个表型性状变异的累计贡献率为71.78%,是造成供试茶树群体表型差异的主要因素;综合两年生化成分测定结果,供试样品咖啡碱含量变异系数(17.95%和14.55%)最大,其次是茶多酚含量变异系数(13.61%和8.11%),游离氨基酸变异系数(5.62%和7.52%)最小;基于生化组分含量测定结果进行聚类分析将供试茶树群体划分为3个类群,分别包含不同类型的种质。从供试茶树地方群体种资源的地理分布范围来看,供试种质生化成分含量呈现出地域差异。In order to protect tea germplasm resources and promote tea germplasm innovation,the phenotypic character and biochemical component diversity of 32 tea germplasm resources from 12 provinces were studied.The results showed that the genetic diversity index of 16 phenotypic character ranged from 0.81 to 1.94,and the phenotypic genetic diversity of the test population was high.The cumulative contribution rate of the six phenotypic characters including leaf area,leaf shape,leaf upper surface,young shoot pubescence,leaf tip shape and leaf cross section were 71.78%,which was the main factor causing the phenotypic difference of the tested tea population.Based on the determination results of biochemical components in two years,the variation coefficient of caffeine content(17.95%and 14.55%)was the largest,followed by the variation coefficient of tea polyphenol content(13.61%and 8.11%).The variation coefficient of free amino acid(5.62%and 7.52%)was the lowest.Cluster analysis based on the results of biochemical component content determination was conducted to divide the tested tea tree populations into three groups,each including different types of germplasm.From the geographical distribution of the tested tea populations,the content of biochemical components showed regional differences.

关 键 词：茶树地方群体种 表型性状 生化组分 多样性 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]