废弃露天矿山生态环境污染修复技术研究  

Study on Remediation Technology of Ecological Pollution in Abandoned Open-pit Mines

作　　者：李绍财 Li Shaocai(Qiubei County Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Wenshan 663200,China)

机构地区：[1]丘北县林业和草原局,云南文山663200

出　　处：《环境科学与管理》2023年第8期78-83,共6页Environmental Science and Management

摘　　要：矿山为中国带来经济利益的同时破坏了原本生态平衡,引起地质灾害和环境污染,因此提出了废弃露天矿山生态环境污染修复技术研究。以矿山开发环境现状,分析废弃矿山类型、特点和对生态环境的危害;利用熵权法检测空气污染,选用综合污染指数评价水体质量,测定矿山周边重金属含量,分析潜在生态风险和元素毒性系数,得知土壤污染情况。使用具有存活性强、生长迅速、存活周期久的植被降低空气中重金属离子和降尘,通过沉淀过滤以及除酚、消毒等方法来降低污染水中对人体的危害完成修复,降低污染的同时,带来经济收益减少资源浪费。通过实验证明,所用技术的污染修复效果较佳,可增加植被覆盖,减少水土流失,保证附近居民稳定生活。While the mine brings economic benefits to China,it destroys the original ecological balance and causes geological disasters and environmental pollution.Therefore,the restoration technology of ecological environment pollution of abandoned open-pit mines is put forward.Based on the current situation of mine development environment,analyze the types,characteristics of abandoned mines and the harm to the ecological environment;use the entropy weight method to detect air pollution,select the comprehensive pollution index to evaluate the water quality,measure the heavy metal content around the mine,analyze the potential ecological risk and element toxicity coefficient,and know the soil pollution situation.Use vegetation with strong survival,rapid growth and long survival cycle to reduce heavy metal ions and dust in the air,and filter through precipitation Phenol removal,disinfection and other methods to reduce the harm of contaminated water to human body to complete the repair,reduce the pollution,bring economic benefits to reduce the waste of resources.It is proved that the pollution restoration effect of the technology is better,which can increase vegetation coverage,reduce soil erosion,and ensure the stable life of nearby residents.

关 键 词：废弃露天矿山 生态环境污染 污染修复技术 土壤污染 地质环境 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]