茎尖离体培养小黄姜变异株品质特征及转录组学分析  

Quality Characteristics and Transcriptomic Analysis of Dioscorea zingiberensis Mutants Produced from Shoot Tips Cultured in Vitro

作　　者：侯颖辉 王少铭[1,2] 罗莉斯[1,2] 李晋华 冷家归 汪志燚 李德文[1,2] HOU Yinghui;WANG Shaoming;LUO Lisi;LI Jinhua;LENG Jiagui;WANG Zhiyi;LI Dewen(Guizhou Institute of Spice Crops,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China;Guizhou Institute of Oil Crops,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院香料研究所,贵阳550006 [2]贵州省农业科学院油料研究所,贵阳550006

出　　处：《种子》2023年第6期34-41,共8页Seed

基　　金：贵州省农科院青年基金(黔农科院青年基金[2020]18号);贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2021]一般260);贵州省农业科学院种质资源项目(黔农科种质资源[2023]16号)。

摘　　要：本研究采用恒温干燥法、水蒸气法和HPLC等方法分析茎尖离体培养小黄姜变异株的干物质含量、精油含量、姜辣素含量等品质特性,并利用高通量测序技术和生物信息学方法进行转录组学分析。结果表明,小黄姜突变株干物质、纤维素含量显著低于正常株,分别为13%和0.6%;木质素、精油及姜辣素含量分别为正常株的1.5倍、1.54倍和1.26倍。转录组学分析共获得43989条Unigene的注释结果,13342个SSR标记。获得DEG 338条,其中,上调表达164条,下调表达174条。有信息注释DEG的239条,分别在GO、COG、KEGG、KOG、Pfam、Swiss-Prot、eggNOG等功能数据库注释到DEG 132条、88条、81条、130条、186条、171条和224条。DEGs主要集中在光合作用碳的固定(GOT1)、植物激素信号传导(AXU/IAA、B-ARR、ERFL1/2、MYC2)、萜烯类和姜辣素等次生代谢物的合成(CHS)、植物生理节律(CRY)等生物途径。由此可知,AXU/IAA、B-ARR、ERFL1/2、MYC2等基因的差异表达导致小黄姜突变株的精油含量、姜辣素含量以及其他农艺性状发生改变,故在栽培前期可以通过对相关基因的表达差异分析确定植株属性,从而区分正常株与突变株。The dry matter content,essential oil content,gingerol content and other quality characteristics were analyzed by constant temperature drying method,steam method and HPLC.High throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics methods were used for transcriptomic analysis.The results showed that the content of dry matter and cellulose in the mutant were significantly lower than that in the normal's,which were 13% and 0.6%,respectively.The contents of lignin,essential oil and gingerol were 1.5 times,1.54 times and 1.26 times of that of normal plant,respectively.A total of 43989 Unigene annotation results and 13342 SSR markers were obtained by transcriptomic analysis.338 DEGs were obtained,of which 164 were up-regulated and 174 were down-regulated.239 DEGs,annotated 132,88,81,130,186,171 and 224 DEGs in GO,COG,KEGG,Pfam,Swiss-Prot,eggNOG and other functional databases,respectively.DEGs mainly focused on photosynthetic carbon fixation(GOT1),plant hormone signaling(AXU/IAA,B-ARR,ERFL1/2,MYC2),synthesis of terpenes,gingerol and other secondary metabolites(CHS),and plant circadian rhythm(CRY)and other biological pathways.The differential expression of AXU/IAA,B-ARR,ERFL1/2,MYC2 and other genes led to changes in essential oil content,gingerol content and other agronomic traits of the mutant.Therefore,plant attributes could be determined by differential analysis of related genes expression in the early stage of cultivation,so as to distinguish normal and mutant plants.

关 键 词：茎尖离体培养 小黄姜 突变 品质 转录组学 

分 类 号：S632.5[农业科学—蔬菜学]