心理干预对篮球运动员罚球表现影响的综述  

Effect of Psychological Interventions on Mental Fluctuations During Penalty Shot in Physical Education Student

作　　者：李嘉蓉 LI Jiarong(Basketball Teaching and Research Office of Physical Education School,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan Hubei,430079)

机构地区：[1]武汉体育学院体育教育学院篮球教研室,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《湖北体育科技》2023年第8期727-729,共3页Hubei Sports Science

摘　　要：罚球作为比赛中唯一没有对抗性、不受对手直接干扰的得分方式,最为考验运动员在比赛时的心理调控能力和运动技术。利用文献资料法,探讨心理干预对运动员罚球命中率的影响。结果显示:1)认知干预显著提高罚篮命中率和自信心水平;2)行为干预帮助运动员培养良好的罚篮习惯;3)社会支持干预为运动员提供情感上、信息上和实质上的支持;4)身体放松干预帮助运动员缓解身体紧张和肌肉疲劳。为提高篮球方向学生罚篮命中率,缓解焦虑和紧张情绪,提高比赛表现和心理素质提供借鉴。As the only way of scoring in the game without confrontation and without direct interference from the opponent,penalty shot most test the athletes'mentality and technique during the game.Using the literature method,it explored the effect of psychological intervention on athletes'penalty shot rate and provided effective psychological intervention and technical training methods.1)Cognitive intervention significantly improved penalty shot rate and self-confidence level.2)Behavioural intervention helped athletes develop good penalty shot habits.3)Social support intervention provided athletes with emotional,informational and substantive support.4)Physical relaxation intervention helped athletes alleviate physical tension and muscle fatigue.The use of the above four comprehensive interventions for basketball students in sports universities can help them improve their penalty shot rate,relieve anxiety and tension,and improve their game performance and psychological quality.

关 键 词：心理干预 篮球罚球 体育院校 

分 类 号：G807[文化科学—体育训练]