神经胶质细胞对平行记忆形成的调节  

Glial Modulation of the Parallel Memory Formation

作　　者：Teppei Kanaya Ryo Ito Yosuke M Morizawa Daichi Sasaki Hiroki Yamao Hiroshi Ishikane Yuichi Hiraoka Kohichi Tanaka Ko Matsui 

机构地区：[1]Super Network Brain Physiology,Graduate School of Medicine,Tohoku University,Sendai,Japan [2]Super Network Brain Physiology,Graduate School of Life Sciences,Tohoku University,Sendai,Japan [3]Department of Psychology,Graduate School of Humanities,Senshu University,Kawasaki,Japan [4]Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience,Medical Research Institute(MRI),Tokyo Medical and Dental University(TMDU),Tokyo,Japan.

出　　处：《神经损伤与功能重建》2023年第8期F0003-F0003,共1页Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction

摘　　要：神经胶质细胞的活动可以影响学习和记忆的储备和效率。本研究采用小脑依赖水平光动力反应运动学习小鼠模型,研究在线训练期间短期记忆(STM)的形成和离线休息期间长期记忆(LTM)的形成。研究显示,在线和离线学习效果的差异很大。STM早期形成较好者的LTM形成往往受到抑制,而没有明显急性训练效果的STM形成较晚者常常在离线学习中有明显提高。含有LRRC8A的阴离子通道可释放谷氨酸。在星形胶质细胞(包括小脑伯格曼胶质细胞)中特异性地条件性敲除LRRC8A导致STM形成的完全丧失,而在休息期间LTM形成仍然存在。在线训练期间,通过通道视紫红质-2或古菌红素-T(ArchT)对神经胶质细胞的活性进行光遗传学调控,可分别导致STM形成的增强或抑制。STM和LTM可能在在线训练期间同时触发,但LTM在离线期的后期才表达。STM似乎并不稳定,在线培训期间的形成的记忆并没有在LTM中出现。此外,我们发现在休息期间,胶质细胞ArchT的光活化导致LTM形成的增加。这些数据表明STM的形成和LTM的形成是平行的独立过程。可以根据胶质细胞的反应来决定策略的重点是STM还是LTM。Actions from glial cells could affect the readiness and efficacy of learning and memory.Using a.mouse cerebellar-dependent horizontal optokinetic response motor learming paradigm,short-term memory(STM)formation during the online training period and long-term memory(LTM)formation during the offline rest period were studied.A large variability of online and offline learning efficacies was found.The early bloom-ers with booming STM often had a suppressed LTM formation and late bloomers with no apparent acute training effect often exhibited boosted ofline learming performance.Anion channels containing LRRC8A are known to release glutamate.Conditional knockout of LRRC8A specifically in astrocytes including cerebellar Bergmann glia resulted in a complete loss of STM formation while the LTM formation during the rest period remained.Op-togenetic manipulation of glial activity by channelrhodopsin-2 or archaerhodopsin-T(ArchT)during the online training resulted in enhancement or suppression of STM formation,respectively.STM and LTM are likely to be triggered simultaneously during online training,but LTM is expressed later during the offline period.STM ap-pears to be volatile and the achievement during the online training is not handed over to LTM.In addition,we found that glial ArchT photoactivation during the rest period resulted in the augmentation of LTM formation.These data suggest that STM formation and LTM formation are parallel separate processes.Strategies to weigh more on the STM or the LTM could depend on the actions of the glial cll.

关 键 词：伯格曼胶质细胞 小脑运动学习 水平光动力学反应 光遗传学 并行存储器形成 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R741.02[医药卫生—临床医学]