音乐调节与促进体能表现:来自元分析的证据  

Regulation and Promotion of Music on Physical Performance:Evidence from Meta-Analysis

作　　者：胡曦[1] 刘建 HU Xi;LIU Jian(Academy of Arts,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,China;Department of Physical Education,Hebei University of Economics and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉体育学院艺术学院,武汉430079 [2]河北经贸大学体育教学部,石家庄050061

出　　处：《西安体育学院学报》2023年第3期374-384,共11页Journal of Xi'an Physical Education University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项子课题(2018YFF0300401-5);国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项课题(2021YFF0306501)。

摘　　要：目的 运用元分析方法综合定量地评价音乐对体能表现的影响,为有针对性地运用音乐辅助体育运动和训练提供更准确的指导。方法 运用R4.0.4软件对70篇中英文实证研究文献进行分析。由于国内外研究在研究方法、干预周期等方面存在较大差异,且英文文献的数目远多于中文文献,故采用随机效应模型进行主效应、异质性、发表偏差检验,并仅对英文文献进行调节效应检验和元回归分析。结果 (1)主效应检验显示,音乐对体能表现的影响效应量(g=0.418)达到显著水平,为中等效应。(2)调节效应检验显示,音乐对速度(g=0.343)、耐力(g=0.274)、力量(g=0.192)均具有显著的积极影响,而对灵敏(g=-0.189)的影响不显著;音乐节奏的调节效应显著,快节奏音乐对体能表现的促进作用显著优于慢节奏音乐;运动类型、音乐选择方式、音乐应用方式、音乐干预周期、运动专业程度的调节效应不显著。(3)元回归分析显示,运动者年龄的回归结果显著,在30岁范围内,随着年龄增加,音乐对体能表现的促进作用呈上升趋势,而女性占比的回归结果不显著。结论 快节奏音乐对速度、耐力和力量均具有显著的促进作用。建议在针对力量、耐力、速度的体育运动或训练中合理运用快节奏音乐,并要考虑运动者的年龄等个体因素。Objective To conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of music on physical performance,so as to provide accuracy guidance for the music intervention to assist sports and exercise.Methods A total of 70 empirical articles from home and abroad were included in the study,analyzed by R4.0.4.Due to the great differences in research methods and cycles between domestic and foreign studies,and the number of English articles was much more than that of Chinese articles,the random effect model was used to examine the main effect,heterogeneity and publication bias,and moderating effect test and meta regression analysis were conducted only for the English articles.Results(1)The main effect test showed that the effect of music on physical performance(g=0.418)reached a significant level,which was a medium effect.(2)The moderating effect test showed that music had a significant positive effect on speed(g=0.343),endurance(g=0.274)and strength(g=0.192),but no significant effect on agility(g=-0.189).Music tempo is a significant moderator,and the positive effect of fast-paced music on physical performance is significantly larger than that of slow-paced music.The moderating effects of sports type,music selection mode,music application mode,music intervention cycle and professional degree are not significant.(3)Meta regression analysis showed that the regression of athletes'age was significant.With the increase of age,the positive effect of music on physical performance showed an upward trend.The regression of the proportion of female were not significant.Conclusions Fast-paced music significantly improves physical performance in terms of speed,strength and endurance.It is suggested to use fast-paced music in sports training to improve strength,endurance and speed,and take into account individual factors such as the age of the athlete.

关 键 词：音乐 体能表现 效应量 元分析 

分 类 号：G812.5[文化科学—体育学]