数字经济发展能否改善中国资源错配  

Can the Development of Digital Economy Improve China's Resource Misallocation?

作　　者：李慧泉 简兆权[1] 林青宁 Li Huiquan;Jian zhaoquan;Lin Qingning(School of Business Administration,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510631,China;Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学工商管理学院,广东广州510631 [2]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《科技进步与对策》2023年第16期22-31,共10页Science & Technology Progress and Policy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71673275);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(ASTIP-IAED-2022-05)。

摘　　要：数字经济作为一种新经济形态,改变了市场要素供给结构,为资源配置提供了新机制。基于资源配置理论,采用2011—2019年中国省级面板数据,从多维指标构建数字经济发展指数,使用静态和动态模型检验数字经济发展水平对资源错配的影响。结果发现:(1)资源错配存在一定的路径依赖性,即过去的要素错配显著影响当前资源配置效率,数字经济发展能够显著改善中国资本和劳动力错配,替换变量和引入工具变量后,其改善效应具有稳健性;(2)数字经济发展通过提高市场化程度、促进金融发展、提高对外开放度等途径间接改善资源错配;(3)数字经济具有显著空间效应,能够有效改善本地区资源错配,但会加剧邻近地区资源错配;(4)数字经济对东部地区、产能过剩水平较高、资源配置过度地区资源错配的改善效应较强。研究结论有助于从资源配置视角加深对数字经济红利效应的理解,并通过发展数字经济改善资源错配现状、释放过剩产能,从而为经济增长提供新动力。The economic problems such as market factor distortion,resource misallocation and overcapacity hinder China's economic development.Resource misallocation caused by factor distortion is an important reason for the difference in economic growth rate.It can effectively promote economic growth by optimizing resource allocation.As a new economic pattern,the digital economy pays more attention to the importance of digital data in economic development,changes the supply structure of market factors,and provides a new mechanism for improving resource allocation.So the current academic and industrial research centers on how to release the driving force of digital economy on economic development.The essence of improving resource misallocation is to improve factor allocation efficiency,alleviate factor distortion and reduce the degree of resource misallocation to make the actual production closer to the production frontier.Drawing on the resource allocation theory and the balanced panel data of 29 provinces in China from 2011 to 2019,this study constructs the digital economy development indices from multi-dimensional indicators.By calculating the capital and labor misallocation indices,it employs the static and dynamic models,and uses a variety of measurement methods to empirically test the impact of the development level of digital economy on China's factor resource misallocation.The discussion on the improvement effect of digital economy on resource misallocation has deepened the understanding of the technical dividend of digital economy,providing practical significance to improve the allocation of resources in various regions and promote economic development.It is found that there is a certain path dependence in China's resource misallocation,that is,the past factor misallocation will significantly affect the current allocation efficiency.The development of digital economy can effectively improve the misallocation of capital and labor force in various regions of China and improve the efficiency of resource allocation.It h

关 键 词：数字经济 资源错配 数字技术 产能过剩 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济]