制度环境变革与企业技术进步——基于中国自由贸易试验区的准自然实验  

Institutional Environment Change and Enterprise Technological Progress:A Quasi-natural Experiment Based on China’s Pilot Free Trade Zones

作　　者：董启琛 许晨曦 许江波[2] DONG Qichen;XU Chenxi;XU Jiangbo(School of Accountancy,Beijing Wuzi University,Beijing 101149,China;School of Accountancy,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]北京物资学院会计学院,北京101149 [2]首都经济贸易大学会计学院,北京100070

出　　处：《经济经纬》2023年第4期104-114,共11页Economic Survey

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(21BJL115)。

摘　　要：构建理论模型刻画了自由贸易试验区政策所带来的制度环境变革对企业技术水平的作用机理,依据20092019年上市公司数据,使用多期DID经验验证了自由贸易试验区设立对企业技术进步的影响。研究发现:自由贸易试验区设立能显著促进企业技术进步,该结论在一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。异质性分析表明,政策效果在自由贸易试验区重点支持产业以及沿海地区企业的促进作用更为明显。进一步分析发现,自由贸易试验区增加了企业对先进知识的发现、获取、转化和运用能力,这加强了吸收能力对企业技术进步的促进作用;同时,自由贸易试验区政策对企业技术进步的促进作用还存在空间溢出效应,并带动周边地区企业的技术进步。上述结论说明,自由贸易试验区政策有助于企业将先进技术“引进来”,充分利用国内国外两种资源、两个市场,且能够促进企业吸收高技能人才,有效运用自由贸易试验区政策,有利于构建新发展格局。This paper constructs a theoretical model to describe the impact of institutional environment changes brought about by free trade zone policies on the technological level of enterprises.Based on the data of listed companies from 2009 to 2019,the multi-period DID was used to empirically test the impact of the establishment of free trade zone on the technological progress of enterprises.The results show that the establishment of free trade zone can significantly improve the total factor productivity of enterprises,and the policy effect is more obvious in the key industries supported by free trade zone and enterprises in coastal areas.Further analysis shows that free trade zone increases enterprises’ability to discover,acquire,transform and apply advanced knowledge,which strengthens the role of absorptive capacity in promoting enterprises’technological progress;At the same time,the promotion effect of free trade zone policies on technological progress of enterprises also has a spatial spillover effect,which drives the technological progress of enterprises in surrounding areas.The policy of free trade area can help enterprises“introduce”advanced technology,make full use of both domestic and foreign resources and markets,and promote enterprises to absorb highly skilled talents.The construction of new development pattern should pay attention to the effective application of the policy of free trade area.

关 键 词：自由贸易试验区 技术进步 吸收能力 多期双重差分法 空间溢出效应 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理]