快速制动条件下颈部肌肉主动力特性研究  

The study on the characteristics of active force of neck muscles under rapid braking conditions

作　　者：袁晓霞 李凡[2] 雷康 刘秋红 YUAN Xiaoxia;LI Fan;LEI Kang;LIU Qiuhong(PLA Naval Medical Center,Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,P.R.China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacture for Vehicle Body,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学海军特色医学中心,上海200433 [2]湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,长沙410082

出　　处：《生物医学工程学杂志》2023年第4期676-682,共7页Journal of Biomedical Engineering

基　　金：海军武器装备军内科研项目(HJ20191C040618)。

摘　　要：本文研究了快速制动条件下颈部肌肉的主动力特性,可为减少舰载机拦阻着舰时飞行员颈部损伤提供理论支撑。通过开展模拟快速制动条件下的静态加载和实车制动实验,采集受试者头颈部运动状态和颈部肌肉肌电信号,分析颈部肌肉主动力响应特点。结果发现颈部肌肉预紧时头颈部前屈时间推迟、幅度减小;颈部在极限位置持续时间减少,向座椅方向恢复更快;斜方肌比胸锁乳突肌肌电信号更高,可能发挥了更大作用。上述结果提示飞行员在实际制动飞行中可通过预紧颈部肌肉以降低颈部损伤,可以考虑设计颈部肌肉预紧相关装具。This paper studies the active force characteristics of the neck muscles under the condition of rapid braking,which can provide theoretical support for reducing the neck injury of pilots when carrier-based aircraft blocks the landing.We carried out static loading and real vehicle braking experiments under rapid braking conditions,collected the active contraction force and electromyography(EMG)signals of neck muscles,and analyzed the response characteristics of neck muscle active force response.The results showed that the head and neck forward tilt time was delayed and the amplitude decreased during neck muscle pre-tightening.The duration of the neck in the extreme position decreased,and the recovery towards the seat direction was faster.The EMG signals of trapezius muscle was higher than sternocleidomastoid muscle.This suggests that pilots can reduce neck injury by pre-tightening the neck muscles during actual braking flight.In addition,we can consider the design of relevant fittings for pre-tightening the neck muscles.

关 键 词：飞行员 颈部肌肉 颈部损伤 主动收缩力 肌电信号 

分 类 号：R85[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]