基于高通量测序技术分析霉变核桃仁真菌多样性  

Analysis of Fungal Diversity of Moldy Walnut Kernel Based on High-throughput Sequencing Technology

作　　者：方圆 苏高雅 王卫雄 白永超 王丰俊[1] 裴东[2] Fang Yuan;Su Gaoya;Wang Weixiong;Bai Yongchao;Wang Fengjun;Pei Dong(State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources,Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Processing and Safety,College of Biological Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Research Institute of Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091;College of Life Sciences,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040)

机构地区：[1]林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,林业食品加工与安全北京市重点实验室,北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083 [2]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室,国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091 [3]东北林业大学生命科学学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2023年第8期369-378,共10页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1000104-03);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A02009-4)。

摘　　要：目的:研究核桃仁在适宜霉变条件(温度25℃、相对湿度85%)下的真菌侵染过程,揭示其霉变过程中真菌群落的结构与真菌群落样性变化。方法:采用Illumina Miseq高通量测序方法分析核桃仁霉变过程中的真菌群落组成和多样性。结果:子囊菌门是核桃样品霉变的主要真菌门类,相对丰度在27.41%~99.98%范围,其次是担子菌门,相对丰度在0.01%~32.56%范围。在真菌属水平上,霉变过程中的主要优势种群为镰孢菌属、链格孢属、赤霉属与曲霉属。1周内核桃仁的霉变过程可大致分为Ⅰ期(0~2 d)、Ⅱ期(3~4 d)、Ⅲ期(5~7 d)3个时期,Ⅱ期与Ⅰ期相比镰孢菌属出现明显的富集,Ⅲ期与Ⅱ期相比镰孢菌属、链格孢属与曲霉属出现明显的富集,Ⅲ期与Ⅰ期相比镰孢菌属、链格孢属与曲霉属出现明显的富集。结论:核桃仁霉变过程中真菌微生物群落的变化分为3个时期,真菌多样性呈下降趋势,镰孢菌属、链格孢属与曲霉菌属是其霉变的优势真菌种群。Objective:To reveal the changes of fungal community structure and diversity in walnut the potential health threats during natural mildew through studying the fungal infection process of walnut during natural mildew.Methods:The fungal ITS r DNA of fresh walnut kernel samples with different mildew time was sequenced by Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technique,and the changes of fungal community composition and diversity in the process of fresh walnut kernel mildew were analyzed.Results:Ascomycota is the main fungal species in the mildew process of walnut samples,with a relative abundance of 27.41%-99.98%,followed by Basidiomycota with a relative abundance of 0.01%-32.56%.At the fungal level,it was found that the main dominant populations in the mildew process were Fusarium,Alternaria,Gibberella and Aspergillus.The mildew process of walnut in a week can be divided into three periods:PeriodⅠ(0-2 days),Period Ⅱ(3-4 days)and Period Ⅲ(5-7 days).In stages of Period Ⅰ and Period Ⅱ,Fusarium was the dominant genus,and the main fungus that change significantly among other periods were Fusarium,Aspergillus,Alternaria,Gibberella and Penicillium.Conclusion:The changes of fungal microbial community during mildew of walnut could be divided into three periods,during which the fungal diversity showed a downward trend,and there were a variety of harmful pathogens,such as Fusarium and Aspergillus,etc.,which might cause potential safety risks if not handled properly.

关 键 词：核桃 霉变 真菌 高通量测序 真菌群落多样性 

分 类 号：TS255.6[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]