股骨近端内侧解剖学参数测量及临床意义  

Measurement and clinical significance of anatomical parameters of proximal medial femur

作　　者：黄哲元 苏郁晖 王博文 陈小林 王光泽 黄燕鹏 黄建明 刘好源 Huang Zheyuan;Su Yuhui;Wang Bowen;Chen Xiaolin;Wang Guangze;Huang Yanpeng;Huang Jianming;Liu Haoyuan(Department of Orthopedics,PLA 73rd Military Group Hospital/Department of Orthopaedics,Chenggong Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University,Key Orthopaedic Trauma Specialties of Xiamen City-2015347,Xiamen 361000,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军第七十三集团军医院骨科/厦门大学附属成功医院骨科,厦门市创伤骨科重点专科-201534,厦门361000

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2023年第3期216-220,233,共6页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

基　　金：福建省卫生健康科技计划项目(3502Z20194051)。

摘　　要：目的 :通过对成人股骨标本近端,尤其是股骨颈内侧区解剖参数的测量,为设计出适合国人股骨近端内侧解剖特点的内固定物提供参考资料。方法 :选用正常国人股骨干标本,通过人工直接测量和基于X线的AutoCAD软件测量2种方法。测量指标包括小转子纵径、小转子横径、小转子高度、股骨小转子方位角α、股骨颈下缘线长度、股骨颈放散角β、γ、δ、股骨长度、股骨头直径、股骨头长径、头颈比例等解剖学参数。结果 :直接测量和基于X线的AutoCAD软件测量结果无差异。股骨长度(38.65±2.25)cm;股骨头直径(4.27±0.38)cm;股骨头长径(3.35±0.48)cm;股骨小转子方位角α 35.00°±6.00°;小转子纵径(2.39±0.33)cm;小转子横径(1.46±0.24)cm;小转子高度(1.37±0.20)cm;股骨颈下缘线长度(2.27±0.43)cm;头颈比例(1.39±0.11);股骨颈近端放散角β近(90.29±13.94)°、γ近(45.38±7.95)°、δ近(44.34±7.35)°;股骨颈中份放散角β中(76.27±8.85)°、γ中(52.70±7.43)°、δ中(51.03±4.99)°;股骨颈远端放散角β远(77.44±11.63)°、γ远(51.72±8.07)°、δ远(50.84±7.10)°。结论 :基于X线的AutoCAD软件测量股骨近端解剖学参数简便易行,数据可靠。股骨近端内侧解剖学参数的测量数据为适合国人股骨颈内侧内固定系统的设计提供重要参考数据。Objective:By measuring the anatomical parameters of normal adult femur,especially the medial femoral neck,the results provide a benchmark for the design of internal fixation suitable for the anatomical characteristics of Chinese femur.Methods:A total of 76 normal Chinese femoral specimens were studied,which were measured by the manual direct measurement and X-ray based AutoCAD software.The measurement indicators included the longitudinal diameter of lesser trochanter,the transverse diameter of lesser trochanter,the height of lesser trochanter,the azimuth angle of lesser trochanter of femurα,the supero-inferior diameter of femoral neck,the femoral neck β(near),γ(near),δ(near),femoral neck middle divergence angle β(middle),γ(middle),δ(middle),femoral neck distal divergence angle β(far),γ(far),δ(far),femoral length,femoral head diameter,femoral head length,head/neck ratio.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in the measurement results between the two methods of direct measurement and X-ray based AutoCAD software measurement.The femur length was(38.65±2.25)cm.The femoral head diameter was(4.27±0.38)cm.The long diameter of femoral head was(3.35±0.48)cm.The azimuth angleαof lesser trochanter was(35.00±6.00)°.The longitudinal diameter of lesser trochanter was(2.39±0.33)cm.The transverse diameter of lesser trochanter was(1.46±0.24)cm.The height of lesser trochanter was(1.37±0.20)cm.The length of the lower edge line of the femoral neck was(2.27±0.43)cm.The head/neck ratio was 1.39±0.11.The femoral neck divergence angle β was nearly(90.29±13.94)°,γnearly(45.38±7.95)°,and δ nearly(44.34±7.35)°.The femoral neck divergence angle β was in(76.27±8.85)°,γin(52.70±7.43)°,and δ in(51.03±4.99)°.The femoral neck distal divergence angle β was far(77.44±11.63)°,γfar(51.72±8.07)°,δ far(50.84±7.10)°.Conclusion:The AutoCAD software measurement based on X-ray is simple and reliable for measuring the anatomical parameters of femur.The measurement of medial femoral anatomi

关 键 词：小转子 股骨近端 解剖学 测量 计算机辅助设计 

分 类 号：R322.7[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]