退磁场及夹具长度对车轴纵向磁化效果的影响  

Influence of Demagnetization Field of Axle Magnetic Particle Detection and Length of Fixture on Magnetization Axle

作　　者：李立凡 黄永巍 胡祺昆 LI Lifan;HUANG Yongwei;HU Qikun(Postgraduate Department,China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Metals and Chemistry Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院研究生部,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道机车车辆》2023年第4期88-93,共6页Railway Locomotive & Car

基　　金：中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划(2017J003-G)。

摘　　要：为了研究机车车辆车轴磁粉探伤纵向磁化时退磁场的影响,依据磁荷理论,对与车轴几何形状近似相同的圆柱体钢棒表面退磁因子进行了推导,得到了退磁场在圆柱体钢棒表面的分布规律,并通过实物磁化试验进行了验证。针对车轴磁粉探伤时退磁场影响车轴两端探伤效果的现象,提出了利用车轴磁粉探伤机的夹具消除退磁场影响的方案,并验证了该方案的可行性,得到了车轴磁粉探伤机夹具合理的长度范围。In order to research demagnetization-field influence on the detection effect during magnetic particle detection of axle.Based on the magnetic charge theory,the demagnetization factor on the surface of cylindrical steel bar with the same geometric shape as axle is deduced,and the distribution regular of demagnetization field on the surface of cylindrical steel bar is obtained,which is verified by software simulation and experiment.In view of the phenomenon that the demerging magnetic field affects the flaw detection effect at both ends of axle during axle magnetic particle flaw detection,a solution using the fixture of axle magnetic particle flaw detection machine is put forward,and the feasibility of the solution is verified by experiments,and obtained the reasonable length range of the fixture of axle magnetic particle flaw detector.

关 键 词：车轴 纵向磁化 退磁因子 夹具长度 

分 类 号：U279.4[机械工程—车辆工程]