中华文明起源与伏羲画卦  

The Origin of Chinese Civilization and Fuxi’s Invention of Trigrams

作　　者：高世华[1] 贾圆程 GAO Shi-hua;JIA Yuan-cheng(Tianshui Museum,Tianshui 741000,Gansu;Faculty of International Tourism and Management,City University of Macao,Macao 999078,China)

机构地区：[1]天水市博物馆,甘肃天水741000 [2]澳门城市大学国际旅游与管理学院,中国澳门999078

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期120-133,共14页Journal of Lanzhou University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：甘肃省哲学社会科学规划重点项目“伏羲文化创新性转化与创新性发展策略研究”(2023ZD015)。

摘　　要：伏羲画卦是对中华文明起源影响极其深远的古史传说,其流传以黄河中下游为主,在长江中下游和西南少数民族地区也有不同程度的反映,具有原生性、历史真实性、正统性、多元一体性和辩证性等特征;考古发现证实,伏羲画卦有其真实的历史背景,八卦可能产生于距今8 000年前后的新石器时代,蕴含着天圆地方、天地定位、天阳地阴、通天敬天、天人合一、阴阳和合、对立统一和追求秩序等核心观念,是中华原创思想的重要内容;八卦及其核心观念与中国早期宇宙观、社会观、宗教观的形成有关,史前时期有关天文、字符、彩陶、祭祀崇拜等考古发现,显示了早期中国已形成了较为先进的思想观念、知识体系和精神信仰,而史前天文学、契刻文字、彩陶文化和崇拜祭祀又进一步促进了史前农业的发展、汉字的出现、彩陶文化的繁荣和社会复杂化进程,进而对中华文明起源、形成产生了深远影响。Fuxi’s invention of trigrams,or the Eight Trigrams,featured with originality,historical authenticity,orthodoxy,unity of pluralism,and dialectic,are a historical legend with a far-reaching influence on the origin of Chinese civilization.Mainly circulated in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River,they have also influenced the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River as well as minority areas in southwest China invarying degrees.Archaeological discoveries demonstrate that the trigrams have a real historical background.They were inferred to be invented around 8,000 years ago in the Neolithic Age.Being a significant part of Chinese original thought,they contain such core concepts as“round skyand square earth”,“the positioned heaven and earth”,“heaven and earth representing respectively yang and yin”,“knowing and respecting heaven”,“the unity of heaven and man”,“the coordination of yin and yang”,“the unity of opposites”,“the pursuit of order”,etc.The trigrams and the core concepts are related to the origin of the early Chinese concepts of universe,society and religion.According to archaeological discoveries,prehistoric astronomy,characters,painted pottery,and sacrifices not only bred more advanced ideological concepts,knowledge systems,and spiritual faith of early China,but also enhanced prehistoric agriculture,the emergence of Chinese characters,the prosperity of the painted pottery culture,and the social sophistication,which had a profound impact on the origin and formation of Chinese civilization.

关 键 词：伏羲画卦 文化传承 中华文明 八卦 

分 类 号：K871.04[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] G09[历史地理—历史学]