相引组与相斥组在连锁遗传教学中的应用初探  

Preliminary Study on the Application of Coupling Phase and Repulsion Phase in Linkage Genetics Teaching

作　　者：江转转 JIANG Zhuan-zhuan(School of Lift Science,Anqing Normal University,Anqing,Anhui 246003)

机构地区：[1]安庆师范大学生命科学学院,安徽安庆246003

出　　处：《集宁师范学院学报》2023年第3期1-4,共4页Journal of Jining Normal University

基　　金：安徽安庆师范大学教研项目“基于CRISPR技术的水稻多基因编辑及遗传转化虚拟仿真综合实验”(2022aqnuxnfz01);安徽安庆师范大学教研项目“第二课堂在《生物化学》教学中的实践探究”(2022aqnujyxm38)。

摘　　要：连锁遗传定律是遗传学第三定律,亲本型与重组型的数量在自由组合定律中存在的比例关系在这一新的遗传学定律中被完全打破,连锁遗传中的亲本型与重组型的比例关系变化与其用于杂交的父母本基因型存在着密切的联系。现有的国内教材中对这一现象的解释并不多,通过对部分学生的调查发现大多数学生受到课本中关于不完全连锁的概念的影响,产生了定势思维,难以理解连锁遗传中的亲本型和重组型的比例关系产生变化的原因。本文一方面具体地分析了杂交的父母本基因型在相斥组和相引组两种不同的情况下得到F_(2)代的亲本型和重组型的比例关系发生变化的原因,并表明F_(2)代亲本型与重组型的比例变化可以反推用于杂交的亲本的基因型以得到更加利于理解的比例公式;另一方面,本文明确了基因间的显隐性与连锁率并无显著的关系,对不完全连锁遗传的概念做了补充,帮助读者正确理解连锁遗传的内涵。Linkage heredity is the third law of genetics.The ratio between the number of parental types and recombination types in the law of independent assortment is completely broken in this new law of genetics,and the change of the ratio between parental types and recombination types in linkage heredity is closely related to the parental genotypes used for hybridization.There are not many explanations for this phenomenon in the existing domestic textbooks.Through the investigation,it is found that most students are affected by the concept of incomplete linkage in the textbooks and have thinking set,and it is difficult to understand the reasons for the change of the ratio between parental type and recombination type in linkage heredity.In this paper,on the one hand,the concrete analysis of the hybrid parents this genotype in coupling phase and repulsion phase of F_(2) generation of parental type and the proportion of recombinant relationship changes,and F_(2) generation of parental type and the proportion of recombinant can change the push for hybrid genotypes of the parents to be more conducive to understand the proportion of formula.On the other hand,it is clear that there is no significant relationship between recessive and linkage rate between genes,which makes a supplement to the concept of incomplete linkage heredity and helps readers understand the connotation of linkage heredity correctly.

关 键 词：连锁遗传 相引组 相斥组 配子比例分析 

分 类 号：G420[文化科学—课程与教学论]