大豆抗裂荚基因pdh1在长江中下游区域联合试验品种中的分布  

Distribution of pod shattering resistant gene pdh1 in varieties for multiple variety tests in Yangtze River regions

作　　者：窦玲 郝青南[2] 杨中路[2] 陈水莲[2] 王贤智[1] 单志慧[2] 周新安[2] DOU Ling;HAO Qing-nan;YANG zhong-lu;CHEN Shui-lian;WANG Xian-zhi;SHAN Zhi-hui;ZHOU Xin-an(Institute of Resource Plants,Yunnan University,Kunming 650540,China;Oil Crops Research Institute,Chi-nese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430062,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学资源植物研究院,云南昆明650540 [2]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,农业农村部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2023年第4期704-710,共7页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：中国农业科学院油料作物研究所所级重点任务(CAAS-OCRI-ZDRW-202101)。

摘　　要：大豆裂荚是导致大豆机收产量损失的重要原因之一,也是育种选择的重要指标之一。以抗裂荚基因pdh1为标记,对2021-2022年国家长江中下游区域联合鉴定品种进行分布鉴定。结果表明:105份试验品种中有56份品种含有pdh1基因,pdh1集中分布在粒用型中早熟组夏大豆品种中,占到夏大豆总数的91.4%。基因pdh1在参试品种中的分布具有明显的育成地域特点,由黄淮和东北地区(包含辽宁、安徽、河北、河南、江苏、山东)选育的大豆品种有82.3%含有pdh1,而在南方地区(包含福建、湖北、湖南、江西、四川、浙江)选育的品种中,pdh1含有率仅有11.6%。可以认为,抗裂荚基因pdh1在东北、黄淮地区育种中已得到有效利用,在南方地区尚未得到充分利用,该地区高温、高湿气候可能是影响田间抗裂荚选择的主要原因。采用分子鉴定辅助选择将有助于提高南方地区抗裂荚育种的效率。Soybean pod shattering is one of the important factors influencing soybean yield loss.In this study,gene distribution of pdh1 in 105 varieties from multiple variety tests in Yangtze River regions was studied.Results showed that 56 of all tested varieties contained pdh1 gene,and pdh1 was concentrated in summer type soybean.The number of varieties containing pdh1 accounted for 91.4%of the total summer soybeans.Its distribution has obvious regional characteristics.About 82.3%soybean varieties with pdh1 were bred from Huang-Huai-Hai regions and Northeast China(including Liaoning,Anhui,Hebei,Henan,Jiangsu,Shandong),while only 11.6%varieties con-taining pdh1 were from South China(including Fujian,Hubei,Hunan,Jiangxi,Sichuan and Zhejiang).Thus the pdh1 gene had been effectively used in breeding for Northeast China and Huang-Huai-Hai regions,and also could be a marker for pod-shattering resistance selection.But it were poorly used in South China due to the high tempera-ture and humidity in fields.It was suggested that molecular marker assisted selection might be helpful to improve the breeding efficiency regionally on pod shattering resistance.

关 键 词：大豆 裂荚 地域分布 pdh1 分子鉴定 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]