团体沙盘游戏、假装游戏对幼儿心理理论与执行功能的干预效果比较  

Promoting effect of group sandplay and pretend play on theory of mind and the executive function of preschool children

作　　者：郝咏梅 刘丽琼[1] 韩艳敏 HAO Yongmei;LIU Liqiong;HAN Yanmin(School of Psychology,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158,China;Haikou Education Research and Training Institute;Qionghai Middle School)

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学心理学院,海口571158 [2]海口市教育研究培训院 [3]琼海中学

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2023年第9期1434-1440,共7页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：2019年海南省基础与应用基础研究计划(自然科学领域)高层次人才项目(编号:2019RC194)。

摘　　要：目的:比较团体沙盘游戏、假装游戏对幼儿心理理论与执行功能的干预效果。方法:从海口某幼儿园选取39名幼儿,分为团体沙盘游戏组(男生5名,女生7名)、假装游戏组(男生6名,女生6名)和对照组(男生9名,女生6名),利用心理理论和执行功能任务测量干预前后心理理论与执行功能的变化。结果:干预后,心理理论中的知与不知、错误信念、信念情绪、伪装情绪,执行功能中的抑制控制的交互效应均有统计学意义(F=3.43,8.51,18.16,5.11,4.05;P<0.05),简单效应分析和事后分析发现,两个实验组的知与不知、错误信念、信念情绪、抑制控制得分高于对照组。团体沙盘游戏组的伪装情绪得分高于其他组。结论:团体沙盘游戏与假装游戏均能改善3~4岁幼儿的心理理论和执行功能水平,团体沙盘游戏对心理理论中的伪装情绪有较好的促进作用。Objective:To compare the effect of group sandplay and pretend play on the improvement of children's theory of mind and executive function.Methods:Thirty-nine children aged 3 and 4 in a kindergarten in Haikou were divided into the experimental group of group sandplay(5 males,7 females),the experimental group of pretend play(6 males,6 females)and the control group(9 males,6 females).The functional changes of theory of mind and executive function before and after intervention were measured by Theory of Mind Scale and Executive Function Test Tasks.Results:After intervention,the interaction effects of knowledge access,contents false belief,belief-emotion,real-apparent emotion,inhibitory control were all statistically significant(F=3.43,8.51,18.16,5.11,4.05;P<0.05).The simple effect analyses and post-hotests showed that knowledge and ignorance,false belief,belief emotion,theory of mind,inhibitory control and executive function in the two experimental groups were higher than the other groups.The fake emotions of the sandplay group were higher than the other groups.Conclusion:Both group sandplay and pretend play can effectively improve the level of theory of mind and executive function of 3-and 4-year-old children.Group sandplay has a better intervention effect on fake emotions of theory of mind.

关 键 词：心理理论 执行功能 团体沙盘游戏 假装游戏 幼儿 

分 类 号：R395.5[哲学宗教—心理学]