儿童血液肿瘤化疗中并发静脉血栓2例并文献复习  

Two cases of venous thrombosis complicated by chemotherapy of blood tumor in children and literature review

作　　者：王兆辉[1] 罗荣华[1] 王绪栋[1] 常光妮 孙燕 林垒垒 孙俊霞 刘亚蒙 WANG Zhaohui;LUO Ronghua;WANG Xudong;CHANG Guangni;SUN Yan;LIN Leilei;SUN Junxia;LIU Yameng(Pediatric Hematology Ward,Shandong Tai’an Central Hospital,Tai’an Central Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University,Taishan Medical Care Center,Shandong Province,Tai’an 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省泰安市中心医院青岛大学附属泰安市中心医院泰山医养中心儿童血液病房,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《妇儿健康导刊》2023年第16期58-60,共3页JOURNAL OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN'S HEALTH GUIDE

摘　　要：对2例血液恶性肿瘤患儿治疗过程中发生静脉血栓的临床资料进行分析,发现二者均进行静脉置管,且使用糖皮质激素等药物。经过抗凝治疗后,患儿血栓消失,未再形成新血栓。静脉血栓是儿童恶性肿瘤化疗过程中常出现的并发症,深静脉置管、肿瘤、化疗药物等均会对血栓的形成产生影响。儿童恶性肿瘤化疗中并发静脉血栓的机制多为血管内皮损伤、细胞因子水平升高、凝血因子增多、抗凝物质减少、血小板功能变化等。因此,化疗过程中应密切监测血常规、凝血功能、深静脉置管部位情况等,拔除深静脉置管前应常规行超声检查,避免栓子脱落导致栓塞,做到早预防、早发现、早治疗。The clinical data of 2 cases of venous thrombosis in the course of treatment of hematological malignancies were analyzed,and it was found that both of them were given intravenous catheterization and glucocorticoid and other drugs.After anticoagulant treatment,the thrombus disappeared and no new thrombus was formed.Venous thrombosis is a common complication in the course of chemotherapy for malignant tumors in children.Deep vein catheterization,tumor and chemotherapy drugs can affect the formation of thromb osis.The mechanisms of venous thrombosis in children with malignant tumor chemotherapy are including vascular endothelial injury,increased cytokine levels,increased coagulation factors,decreased anticoagulant substances,and changes in platelet function.Therefore,during the course of chemotherapy,blood routine,coagulation function and deep vein catheterization site should be closely monitored,and ultrasound examination should be performed routinely before the deep vein catheterization is removed to avoid embolization caused by embolus shedding,so as to achieve early prevention,early detection and early treatment.

关 键 词：儿童 恶性肿瘤 静脉血栓 抗凝治疗 

分 类 号：R733[医药卫生—肿瘤]