阴山北麓农牧交错带马铃薯脱毒种薯品种比较试验  

Variety Comparison Test of Virus-free Potato in the Farming Pastoral Ecotone at the Northern Foot of Yinshan Mountain

作　　者：赵玉平 戎素平 王金霞 黄修梅[3] 杨忠仁[3] 张凤兰[3] ZHAO Yu-ping;RONG Su-ping;WANG Jin-xia(Ulanqab Seed Industry Workstation,Ulanchap,Inner Mongolia 012000;Baotou Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Research Institute,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014017)

机构地区：[1]乌兰察布市种业工作站,内蒙古乌兰察布012000 [2]包头市农牧科学技术研究所,内蒙古包头014017 [3]内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第16期33-36,42,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：内蒙古科技计划项目(2022YFDZ0010,2020GG0033);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021ZD0005);内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(BR221048)。

摘　　要：为筛选出适宜于阴山北麓农牧交错带全国马铃薯种薯主要生产基地的品种,促进产业发展,将持证种薯企业30个马铃薯品种的原种进行比较试验。结果表明,马铃薯不同品种间的产量、商品薯率、单株平均结薯个数、单株不同重量平均结薯个数、淀粉含量和干物质含量均达极显著差异。30个品种的产量为21~70 t/hm^(2)、商品薯率为23.4%~94.6%、单株结薯个数为3.3~13.3个、干物质含量为15.5%~28.0%、淀粉含量为9.8%~22.3%。最高产量在60 t/hm^(2)及以上有4个,分别为冀张薯12号、中加16号、民丰12号和中加7号;最低产量在25 t/hm^(2)及以下有2个,分别为中薯早43和东农310,其余在45~60 t/hm^(2)有20个,在30~45 t/hm^(2)有4个。商品薯率较高的为京张薯1号、冀张薯12号和京张薯3号,平均为93.3%;商品薯率最低的是东农310,为23.4%。单株结薯总个数最高的是华颂58,平均为13.3个;较低的品种有5个,分别为后旗红、青薯9号、京张薯1号、中薯早43号和晋薯16号,平均为3.9个;150 g以上结薯个数东农310最低,为0.2个。干物质含量最高的是中加11,为28.1%;较低的是中加2号、中加7号和华颂香早,平均含量为15.9%。淀粉含量经聚类分析,分为高、中和低淀粉品种3种类型,东农310和中加11为高淀粉品种,平均含量为21.28%。In order to select suitable potato varieties for the farming pastoral ecotone at the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain which was main production bases of potato seed tubers in China,and promote the development of local industries,the original seed of 30 potato varieties from licensed seed potato enterprises were compared.The results showed that the yield,commercial tuber rate,average tuber number per plant,average tuber number per plant with different weight,starch content and dry matter content of different potato varieties were significantly different.The yield of 30 varieties was 21-70 t/hm^(2),the percentage of commercial tubers was 23.4%-94.6%,the number of tubers per plant was 3.3-13.3,the dry matter content was 15.5%-28.0%,and the starch content was 9.8%-22.3%.There were four highest yields of 60 t/hm^(2) and above,namely Jizhangshu 12,Zhongjia 16,Minfeng 12 and Zhongjia 7.The lowest yield was 2 at 25 t/hm^(2) and below,namely Zhongshuzao 43 and Dongnong 310,20 at 45-60 t/hm^(2) and 4 at 30-45 t/hm^(2).The highest commercial potato rate was Jingzhangshu 1,Jizhangshu 12 and Jingzhangshu 3,with an average of 93.3%;the lowest commercial potato rate was Dongnong 310,which was 23.4%.The highest number of tubers per plant was Huasong 58,with an average of 13.3;there were 5 varieties with the lowest significance,namely Houqihong,Qingshu 9,Jingzhangshu 1,Zhongshuzao 43 and Jinshu 16,with an average of 3.9;the number of tubers above 150 g in Dongnong 310 was the lowest,0.2.The highest dry matter content was Zhongjia 11(28.1%);the lowest was Zhongjia 2,Zhongjia 7 and Huasongzao,with an average content of 15.9%.The starch content was classified into three types by cluster analysis:high,medium and low starch varieties.Dongnong 310 and Zhongjia 11 were high starch varieties,with an average content of 21.28%.

关 键 词：阴山北麓 马铃薯脱毒种薯 品种筛选 产量 商品薯率 淀粉含量 

分 类 号：C532[社会学]