汽车乘员半躺姿态舒适性研究  

Research on comfort of car occupants in half-lying posture

作　　者：李银霞[1] 陈江岚 呼慧敏[2,3] 李伟 罗玲 苏道齐 LI Yinxia;CHEN Jianglan;HU Huimin;LI Wei;LUO Ling;SU Daoqi(School of Mechanical Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001;Ergonomics Laboratory,China National Institute of Standardization,Beijing 100191;SAMR Key Laboratory of Human Factors and Ergonomics,Beijing 100820;Chongqing Adient Automobile Accessories System Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401120)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学机械与动力工程学院,河南郑州450001 [2]中国标准化研究院人类工效实验室,北京100191 [3]国家市场监管重点实验室(人因与工效学),北京100820 [4]重庆安道拓汽车部件系统有限公司,重庆401120

出　　处：《机械设计》2023年第6期52-57,共6页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：中央基本科研业务费项目(522023Y-10381);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFF0206603)。

摘　　要：为研究半躺姿态下汽车乘员的舒适姿态角度范围和人体特征参数对舒适姿态角度及压力分布参数的影响,文中采用主观体验和客观测量相结合的方法,招募16名目标用户作为测试者(男8/女8)参与研究。测试者通过主观体验的方法,调节汽车座椅至舒适的半躺姿态,采用动作捕捉和体压分布测量的方法获取不同乘员的舒适姿态角度(包括躯干角、大腿水平角、小腿水平角和膝角)及相应姿态下的压力分布参数。结果表明:躯干角、大腿水平角、小腿水平角和膝角的舒适角度范围分别为42°~60°,7°~33°,11°~56°和105°~128°;乘员的身高、肩峰至大转子长度、大腿长、小腿长与舒适姿态角度间存在不同程度的相关性;不同身高百分位的乘员在大腿水平角、小腿水平角、接触面积和轴向平均压强梯度间存在差异。In this article,in order to explore the influence of both the range of the comfortable attitude angle and the body characteristic parameters of the car occupants in half-lying posture on the comfortable attitude angle and the pressure distribution parameters,the methods of subjective experience and objective measurement are used,and 16 subjects(8 males and 8 females) are recruited in the research.These subjects adjust the car seats to a comfortable half-lying posture with the help of subjective experience;the methods of motion capture and pressure distribution measurement are adopted to work out the comfortable attitude angles of different car occupants(including the torso angle,the thigh horizontal angle,the calf horizontal angle,and the knee angle) and the pressure distribution parameters in terms of different postures.The results show that the ranges of the comfortable attitude angles of the torso angle,the thigh horizontal angle,the calf horizontal angle and the knee angle are 42°~60°,7°~33°,11°~56°,105°~128° respectively.Correlation is different between the height,the length from the shoulder peak to the greater trochanter,the thigh length,and the calf length of the car occupants on one hand and the comfortable attitude angle on the other hand.There is difference in the thigh horizontal angle,the calf horizontal angle,the contact area and the axial average pressure gradient among the car occupants with different height percentiles.

关 键 词：汽车座椅 姿态角度 人体特征参数 乘员 半躺姿态 

分 类 号：U463.83[机械工程—车辆工程]