黑色与红色毛山楂果实类黄酮化合物差异分析  

Analysis of the Difference in Flavonoid Compounds between Black and Red Hawthorn Fruits

作　　者：张枭[1] 李培暠 王键[1] 付东旭 赵柏棚 董文轩[1] 刘月学[1] ZHANG Xiao;LI Pei-hao;WANG Jian;FU Dong-xu;ZHAO Bai-peng;DONG Wen-xuan;LIU Yue-xue(College of Horticulture,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2023年第4期413-421,共9页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：农业农村部作物种质资源保护项目(19221885)。

摘　　要：毛山楂是我国东北地区特有的山楂野生近缘种,其果实常为红色。黑色毛山楂为从毛山楂实生后代中发掘的黑色果皮的优异资源。为探究黑色与红色毛山楂果实类黄酮物质的含量差异,基于超高效液相色谱质谱技术(Ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,UPLC-MS)对黑色与红色毛山楂成熟果实的类黄酮化合物进行定性与定量分析。研究结果表明:黑色与红色毛山楂成熟果实中,共检测出24种类黄酮化合物,包括黄酮类、原花青素类、花青素类、酚酸类等化合物。黑色毛山楂果实中芦丁、金丝桃苷、异槲皮素等黄酮类化合物含量均显著高于红色毛山楂,其中金丝桃苷含量最高(901.96μg·g^(-1))是红色毛山楂的1.63倍。红色毛山楂中原花青素B1、原花青素B2/B4/B5、表儿茶素等原花青素类化合物的含量均显著高于黑色毛山楂,其中表儿茶素含量最高(12 844.31μg·g^(-1))是黑色毛山楂的1.29倍。黑色毛山楂中矢车菊-3-O-半乳糖苷含量(1 323.66μg·g^(-1))是红色毛山楂的1.59倍,矢车菊-阿拉伯糖苷/木糖苷含量(731.43μg·g^(-1))是红色毛山楂的7.97倍。矢车菊-3-O-葡萄糖苷在黑色毛山楂果实中大量积累(3 149.17μg·g^(-1)),而在红色毛山楂果实中并未检测到。综上所述,通过对黑色与红色毛山楂类黄酮化合物的种类及含量进行比较分析,为富含黄酮类物质山楂新品种的选育,提升山楂果实品质提供依据。Crataegus maximowiczii C.K.Schneid.is a wild related species of hawthorn that is unique to the northeastern China,and its peel is normally red.Black hawthorn is an excellent resource with black peel excavated from the naturally pollinated seedlings of Crataegus maximowiczii C.K.Schneid..To investigate the difference in flavonoid compounds between black and red hawthorn fruits,this study was conducted to qualitative and quantitative analysis of the flavonoids compounds in black and red hawthorn fruits based on ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.The results showed that 24 flavonoid compounds were identified in black and red hawthorn,including flavonoids,proanthocyanidins,anthocyanidins,phenolic acids and other compounds.The contents of flavonoids such as rutin,hyperoside and isoquercetin in black hawthorn fruits were significantly higher than those in red hawthorn,among which the content of hyperoside (901.96μg·g^(-1)) was 1.63 times higher than that in red hawthorn.The contents of proanthocyanidins such as proanthocyanidin B1,proanthocyanidin B2/B4/B5,epicatechin and other proanthocyanidin compounds in red hawthorn were significantly higher than those in black hawthorn,with the content of epicatechin (12 844.31μg·g^(-1)) being 1.29times higher than that in black hawthorn.Three anthocyanin compounds were identified in black hawthorn,and the content of cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (1 323.66μg·g^(-1)) and cyanidin-arabinose/xyloside (731.43μg·g^(-1)) were 1.59 and 7.97 times higher than that of red hawthorn,respectively.Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside accumulated in large amounts (3 149.17μg·g^(-1)) in black hawthorn fruits,while it was not detected in red hawthorn fruits.In conclusion,this study provides a basis for the selection and breeding of new hawthorn varieties rich in flavonoids to improve the quality of hawthorn fruits by analyzing the differences in flavonoid compounds between black and red hawthorn.

关 键 词：毛山楂 种质资源 果实 类黄酮物质 

分 类 号：S661.5[农业科学—果树学]